The Huodiya Group and the Zhengyuan- Yingcui volcanic- sedimentary rocks (formerly known as the Houhe Group) from the Micangshan area of the northwestern Yangtze Block provide significant records of the mid- Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution related to the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent. However, their evolutionary history and tectonic characteristics remain uncertain. This paper presents a systematic analysis of sedimentary sequences within typical sections of the Huodiya Group, complemented by detrital zircon U- Pb geochronology of the Zhengyuan- Yingcui volcanic- sedimentary rocks. This integrated approach aims to elucidate their tectonic- sedimentary evolution processes and establish a precise timeframe for these events. Our comprehensive investigations reveal that the Huodiya Group comprises a complex assemblage of sedimentary rocks, characterized by interbedded clastic, carbonatite, and volcanic rocks. The evolution history of the basin can be divided into three stages: (1) subduction of oceanic crust and the formation of an arc- basin system; (2) back- arc extension and the construction of a carbonate ramp/platform; (3) flexural subsidence in the basin and rapid infilling. Detrital zircon analysis indicates that the Zhengyuan- Yingcui volcanic- sedimentary rocks were deposited in the early Neoproterozoic and sourced from both the northwestern and east/southeastern sides of the basin. This finding, coupled with the contemporaneous yet spatially distinct nature of the Zhengyuan- Yingcui volcanic- sedimentary rocks and the Huodiya Group, suggests that they developed in different parts of the basin, which could be the response of the assemblage of the Rodinia supercontinent.