The Jiling uranium deposit epitomizes a Na-metasomatic uranium deposit in China. However, the formation mechanism of its host albitite has been controversial, limiting our understanding of the ore-forming mechanisms of Nametasomatic-type uranium deposits. Apatite is a common mineral in magmatic-hydrothermal deposits and serves as an essential carrier for tracing fluid sources. In this study, electron probe microanalysis, and LA-ICP-MS isotope and trace element analyses were conducted on apatite from the albitite of the Jiling uranium deposit. Comparative analyses were also made with apatite from the granitic rocks (quartz monzonite, granodiorite, and granite) within the region. The results indicate: (1) The syenite of the Jiling deposit formed during the Late Silurian (429 ± 19 Ma and 429 ± 16 Ma), which is close to the formation ages of the granitic rocks (441~435 Ma) and syenite (428 Ma) in the region; (2) Compared to the magmatic apatite in the regional granites, the apatite in the Jiling albitite shows significantly elevated contents of Cl, Sr, Y, Th, and U, along with decreased contents of F and Fe, as well as a lower F/Cl ratio; (3) The apatite in the Jiling albitite displays similar light rare earth element contents and Sr/Y ratios as those in the apatite of the syenite. These findings suggest that the albitite of the Jiling uranium deposit originates from a hydrothermal system. The sodium metasomatic fluids (including high-temperature uranium mineralization material) originated from the crystallization differentiation of contemporaneous syenites in the region, falling within the magmatic-hydrothermal fluid category. Therefore, in the tectonic zone intersecting the main granite and the northern syenite, favorable conditions exist for the high-temperature uranium mineralization process of the Jiling uranium deposit.