本文为云南省中深层地热能探测开发关键技术研究项目(编号202302AF080001)资助的成果
ZHANG Yuanfu
1) School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2) Energy Geology Big Data Research Center, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;3) Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China大理州洱源县位于剑川—下关—金平高温地热带内，地表出露大量热泉，具有巨大的地热资源潜力。本文从洱源县地热资源的形成要素出发，分析了热源、水源、储盖、通道的特征。同时，在洱源县标准地层剖面上采集了80件岩石样品，对其开展孔隙度、渗透率、热导率和热扩散率测试，分析热储参数特征。在此基础上结合典型剖面的地热系统分析，探讨洱源县两个盆地地热储层特征和模式，依据热储系统模式采用“流体- 空间- 固体”三端元热储分类方案确定热储类型。结果表明，西部乔后- 炼铁盆地存在一种以深循环为主的复合型水热系统模式，以被断裂改造的白垩系景星组砂岩作为主要热储，具有带状分布、高孔渗、较高热导率和较高热扩散率的特点，为水热- 裂缝- 砂岩型热储，局部区域存在呈层状分布的石炭系及下二叠统水热- 岩溶- 灰岩型热储；东部三营—洱源—右所盆地存在一种以沉积盆地为主的复合型水热系统模式，以石炭系及下二叠统灰岩和泥盆系康廊组白云质灰岩作为主要热储，具有层状分布、低孔渗、高热导率和高热扩散率的特点，为水热- 岩溶- 碳酸盐岩型热储。
Eryuan County, located in the Jianchuan- Xiaguan- Jinping high- temperature tropical zone of Dali Prefecture, exhibits numerous surface hot springs, indicating significant geothermal resource potential. This study investigates the characteristics of geothermal resources in Eryuan County by analyzing the formation factors, including heat source, water source, reservoir, caprocks, and channel. A comprehensive analysis of 80 rock samples collected from the standard stratigraphic section of Eryuan County was carried out. Porosity, permeability, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusion were measured to analyze the parameters of geothermal reservoirs. Subsequently, the study focused on delineating the characteristics and models of geothermal reservoirs in two basins: the Qiaohou- Ironmaking basin in the west and the Sanying- Eryuan- Yousuo basin in the east. Using the “fluid- space- solid” three- terminal geothermal reservoir classification scheme, the types of geothermal reservoirs were determined based on the established geothermal system models. The Qiaohou- Ironmaking basin exhibits a composite hydrothermal system model driven by deep circulation. Fractured Cretaceous Jingxing Formation sandstone constitutes the main geothermal reservoir, characterized by zonal distribution, high porosity, high permeability, elevated thermal conductivity, and higher thermal diffusion. This reservoir type is classified as hydrothermal- fracture- sandstone. Additionally, localized occurrences of Carboniferous and lower Permian hydrothermal- karst- limestone geothermal reservoirs with layered distribution are observed. Meanwhile, the Sanying- Eryuan- Yousuo basin demonstrates a composite hydrothermal system model based on sedimentary basins. Carboniferous and Lower Permian limestone, in conjunction with Devonian Kanglang Formation dolomite limestone, comprise the main geothermal reservoirs. These reservoirs exhibit layered distribution, low porosity, low permeability, high thermal conductivity, and high thermal diffusion, classifying them as hydrothermal- karst- carbonate type geothermal reservoirs.
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