综合古地理重建的数字智能化趋势与方法进展
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本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号42050104,41888101)、四川省科技计划项目(编号2023NSFSC1986)、江苏省科技厅创新支撑计划国际科技合作项目(编号BZ2022057)和昆山市重点研发计划数字经济技术创新专项(编号KC2218)联合资助的成果


The progress and perspective of digital intelligence in comprehensive paleogeographic reconstruction
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    摘要:

    古地理重建是研究地质历史时期地表构造过程、海陆格局和地貌环境特征的一项综合研究,并通过绘制表达海洋和大陆的古代轮廓以及重要的地形和地表环境的地图来呈现,是还原地球演化历史、预测能源矿产分布、认识生命和气候演变的基础性工作。随着大数据时代的到来,数字化方法的应用为古地理图快速更新和友好呈现提供了方便。目前,全球有多个团队发布了数字化的全球古地理重建模型以及相关的数据和方法,如EarthByte、PaleoMap、UNIL、Deep Time Maps等团队。笔者研究团队基于“深时数字地球(Deep- time Digital Earth, DDE)”国际大科学计划提出的数据- 知识- 模型驱动的古地理重建思想,提出基于数字化方法驱动的升级更新全球古地理图的新流程,并通过不断尝试地球科学与信息科学的交叉融合,从知识图谱、大数据分析和机器学习技术等方面开发了多项古地理重建应用技术。以东特提斯域中二叠世—中三叠世的古地理重建为例,首先在GPlates软件平台上重建了板块构造框架,再利用岩相古地理图自动生成地形地貌图并结合人工校正,最后在GPlates软件通过图层叠加实现了中二叠世—中三叠世东特提斯域的动态数字综合古地理重建。本用例与广泛使用的Scotese (2021)的古地理图对比,在成图效率、数据丰富性和可追溯性、模型准确性等方面都有明显提升,并为该时期板块运动、冰期消亡、大洋缺氧和生物灭绝等重大地质事件的研究提供新的约束和启示。

    Abstract:

    Paleogeographic reconstruction is a comprehensive study ofthe surface tectonic processes, the sea- land pattern, and geomorphic environmental characteristics in geological history. This field is represented by the creation of maps that depict the ancient contours of oceans and continents, as well as important topographic and surface environment characteristics. It serves as a fundamental process for restoring Earths evolutionary history, predicting the distribution of energy and mineral resources, and understanding life and climate evolution. The advent of the era of big data has facilitated the application of digital methods in updating and presenting paleogeographic maps in a rapid and user- friendly manner. Currently, several teams worldwide have published digital global paleogeographic reconstruction models and related data and methods, including Earthbyte, PaleoMap, UNIL, Deep- Time Maps, and other teams. Building upon the concept of data- knowledge- model- driven paleogeography reconstruction proposed by the Deep- time Digital Earth (DDE) International Science Program, this study summarizes and presents a new process for updating global paleogeography maps driven by digital methods. Moreover, through continuous efforts to integrate geoscience and information science, several application technologies for paleogeography reconstruction have been developed, encompassing knowledge mapping, big data analysis, and machine learning. As an example, the Permian- Middle Triassic paleogeography reconstruction in the East Tethys domain is considered. The research team reconstructed the plate tectonic framework using a GPlates software platform and employed lithofacies paleogeography maps to automatically generate topographic and geomorphic maps with manual correction. Ultimately, a dynamic digital comprehensive paleogeography reconstruction of the Middle Permian- Middle Triassic East Tethys domain was formed through layer superposition in GPlates. In comparison to the widely used Scotese (2021)s paleogeographic map, this use case significantly enhances mapping efficiency, data abundance, traceability, and model accuracy. Additionally, it offers new constraints and insights for studying major geological events such as plate movements, ice age extinctions, ocean anoxia, and biological mass extinctions during this period.

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侯明才,陈安清,任强,钟瀚霆,李志林,刘少峰,肖倚天,李海鹏,伍新明,姜莉莉,马超,林成发,郑栋宇,尤加春,孙晓明,遆鹏,王瀚,张蕾,程汉.2023.综合古地理重建的数字智能化趋势与方法进展[J].地质学报,97(9):2956-2974.
HOU Mingcai, CHEN Anqing, REN Qiang, ZHONG Hanting, LI Zhilin, LIU Shaofeng, XIAO Yitian, LI Haipeng, WU Xinming, JIANG Lili, MA Chao, LIN Chengfa, ZHENG Dongyu, YOU Jiachun, SUN Xiaoming, TI Peng, WANG Han, ZHANG Lei, CHENG Han.2023. The progress and perspective of digital intelligence in comprehensive paleogeographic reconstruction[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,97(9):2956-2974.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-31
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-15
  • 录用日期:2023-09-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-20