鄂尔多斯盆地走滑断裂特征及控油气效应
作者:
基金项目:

本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号42272148)资助的成果


Characteristics of strike- slip faults and their oil- gas- controlling effect in the Ordos basin
Author:
  • 摘要
  • | |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • | | |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    鄂尔多斯盆地是中国最稳定的克拉通盆地,其内部被认为极少断层发育。近年的三维地震解释中发现在该盆地内有大量小尺度断层发育,这为盆地内部构造特征和油气勘探带来极大的认识转变。然而,这些新发现断层的几何、运动特征及成因机制仍不清晰,其对油气富集的控制机理尚不明确。本研究通过三维地震资料对发育于盆内不同构造单元的此类断裂特征进行对比研究,发现鄂尔多斯盆地内部主要发育ENE、NW、N- S和近E- W向4组断裂。各断层具有高倾角、小滑移距、隐蔽性强的共同特征,且均表现出走滑性质。但在盆地的不同区域断层的优势走向存在差异,北部断裂近E- W向,南部断裂以NE向为主,西南部NW向断裂为优势走向,盆地腹部断裂多走向、断续发育。通过对比发现盆内断裂与盆缘断裂的几何和运动学特征具有较大差异,但盆地内部断裂与周缘断裂具有相同的动力学背景,其形成与演化受到盆地周缘构造应力作用的控制。靠近盆地外缘形成的断裂在应力场性质上与邻近的周缘应力场相仿;盆地腹地地区,由于远离周缘强烈应变区及受到多方向构造应力的影响,断裂走向复杂且活动强度较弱。鄂尔多斯盆内断层及派生裂缝形成特殊的储层甜点区,在中生界碎屑岩中主要表现为断缝体油气藏,而在下古生界碳酸盐岩中主要表现为断溶体油气藏。由于断层几何结构垂向的不连续性导致盆地上、下含油气系统表现出独立性。

    Abstract:

    The Ordos basin has long been considered a stable block with few faults within its interior. However, recent advancements in 3D seismic technology have revealed a significant number of small- scale faults within the basin, challenging previous assumptions about its structural characteristics and influencing the direction of the oil and gas exploration. Despite these discoveries, the geometry, kinematics characteristics, and genetic mechanism of these faults remain unresolved, and the factors controlling the accumulation of oil and gas in relation to these faults are still unclear. In this study, we aim to compare the characteristics of strike- slip faults developed in different units of the Ordos basin and analyze their impact on hydrocarbon accumulation. The observed faults in the Ordos basin exhibits various trends, including ENE, NW, N- S, and E- W. These faults share common features such as sub- vertical dip angle, small slip distance, and concealment. Furthermore, all of these faults show the nature of strike- slip characteristics. However, the dominant strike direction of faults varies across different regions of the basin, which is nearly E- W- trending in the north, ENE- trending in the south, the NW- trending in the southwest, and multi- direction strikes of faults were exhibited in the interior of the basin. The formation and evolution of these intrabasinal faults are controlled by the tectonic stress surrounding the basin, with faults in periphery forming under similar stress conditions and the stress strength being weaker within the interior of the basin. Due to the discontinuity structure style of faults in the Ordos basin, the upper and lower petroleum systems are independent of each other. The Mesozoic internal primarily consists of fault- fracture volume in clastic reservoirs, while the Lower Paleozoic interval comprises fault- karst volume in carbonate reservoirs. The assemblage of faults and associated fractures within the interior of the Ordos basin represents unique reservoir sweet spots.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
    网友评论
    网友评论
    分享到微博
    发 布
引用本文

何发岐,黄雷,贾会冲,张茹,张威,王朝,黎小伟.2025.鄂尔多斯盆地走滑断裂特征及控油气效应[J].地质学报,99(2):520-534.
HE Faqi, HUANG Lei, JIA Huichong, ZHANG Ru, ZHANG Wei, WANG Zhao, LI Xiaowei.2025. Characteristics of strike- slip faults and their oil- gas- controlling effect in the Ordos basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,99(2):520-534.

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:208
  • 下载次数: 252
  • HTML阅读次数: 20
  • 引用次数: 0
历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-13
  • 最后修改日期:2023-07-01
  • 录用日期:2023-07-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-02-19