As the highest, the largest, and the flattest geomorphological unit, the kinematics of presentday surface tectonic deformation of the Tibetan Plateau is a fundamental to studies of geodynamic process in the depth.GNSS observations provide quantitative data of crustal deformation in the time scale of a few decades. Earthquakes data from historical and instrumental documentation can be used to obtain both tectonic deformation in time scale of hundred years and the deformation at earthquake focal depth. Quantitative active fault studies in the millennium time scale offer information on longterm and average tectonic deformation. Comprehensive synthesizing of these three types of data would be able to infer or model the geodynamics driving the surface deformation. This paper summarizes these three types of data in the Tibetan Plateau to study late Quaternary to present tectonic deformation. We discover that the style and kinematics of contemporary surface deformation coincide with longterm deformation at depth, and the overall deformation is probably controlled by a unified strain field. The calculated GNSS maximum shear strain mainly distribute along the megathrust faults around the Tibetan margins and the major active strikeslip faults within the plateau. Contraction straining and crustal shortening take place around the marginal mountains around the plateau and their associated foreland basins in association with thrust earthquakes. The expansional strain and crustal extension occur in the plateau interior that form NStrending normal faults and conjunction strikeslip fault system. Normal faulting and strikeslip earthquakes characterized seismic activity in the plateau interior. The so called “eastward extrusion” of rigid block is in fact an eastward movement of crustal material and clockwise rotation around the Eastern Himalaya Syntax. The primary style and kinematics of presentday tectonic deformation of the Tibetan Plateau can be interpreted by geodynamic model of “convective removal of mantle lithosphere”. The convectively removed mantle lithosphere subsides to middle and lower mantle, and generates negative buoyancy to uplift the Tibetan Plateau. The uplifting of high plateau exerts horizontal contraction to the surrounding crustal blocks to form thrust faults so that the plateau grows outward.