In Jiangxi Province, danxia landscapes dominantly develop within thirty red terrestrial basins of the Cretaceous Period in eastern and southeastern areas. There are totally 228 danxia landscape sites in Jiangxi Province, the most of any provincial administrative region, with Longhushan UNESCO Global Geopark most typical and wellknown. Based on the morphological characteristics, they can be divided into six categories, namely peak, cliff, rockfall, canyon, cavity, and other microlandforms. A series of northeasttrending fault basins were generated under the tectonic setting of crustal extension during the late Yanshanian Orogenic Cycle (dominantly Cretaceous) in South China. Paleoenvironments changed from the margin to the center of the basin, resulting in variations of depositional systems and lithofacies from alluvial fan conglomerates to river and lacustrine sandstones and mudstones in sequence with eolian sandstones in the middle of the Xinjiang basin. Lithofacies of red beds were the foundation of landscape evolution and had an important influence on the spatial distribution of danxia landscapes. The red beds were tectonically uplift and dissected during the Himalaya Orogenic Cycle to form spectacular red cliffs and a range of erosional landforms, that is danxia landscape, by exogenic geological processes including weathering, water erosion and rock collapse. The evolution stage and controlling factors of danxia landscapes are analysed by hypsometry on the example of the core scenic area Xianshuiyan within the Longhushan UNESCO Global Geopark. The danxia landscape in the Xianshuiyan scenic area is early latestaged with residual hills and strongly eroded landforms. The stratigraphic outcrop and lithology of the Xianshuiyan area are consistent, thus the differences in the landscape evolution stages, landform types and hypsometric integral (HI) values between the geomorphic units in this area were caused by headward erosion of river systems. This review work on the spatial distribution and evolution of the danxia landscapes in Jiangxi Province is significant because it not only improves understanding of formation processes of various types of danxia landscapes and international comparison and communication, but it is also beneficial for reasonable utilization of the danxia landscape geoheritages in other humid areas.