柴达木盆地那棱格勒河及其尾闾盐湖锂成矿物源:来自水化学和锶、硫同位素证据
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本文为青海省科技厅自然科学基金青年基金(编号2020- ZJ- 946Q)、第二次青藏高原综合考察项目(编号2019QZKK0805)、青海省高端创新人才千人计划(秦占杰)和青海省科技基础条件平台(编号2020- ZJ- T06)联合资助的成果。


Hydrochemistry and Sr- S isotope constraints on the source of lithium in the Nalenggele river and its terminal lakes, Qaidam basin
Author:
  • Li Qingkuan

    Li Qingkuan

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Wang Jianping

    Wang Jianping

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Wu Chan

    Wu Chan

    4) Qinghai CITIC Guoan Lithium Development Co. Ltd; Golmud, Qinghai 816000, China
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  • Fan Qishun

    Fan Qishun

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Qin Zhanjie

    Qin Zhanjie

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Chen Liang

    Chen Liang

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Wei Haicheng

    Wei Haicheng

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Du Yongsheng

    Du Yongsheng

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Yuan Qin

    Yuan Qin

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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  • Li Jiansen

    Li Jiansen

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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  • Shan Fashou

    Shan Fashou

    1) Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;2) Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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    摘要:

    柴达木盆地那棱格勒河尾闾盐湖(一里坪干盐滩、东台吉乃尔盐湖、西台吉乃尔盐湖和察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段)赋存了我国目前最大的卤水锂矿床。那棱格勒河及其尾闾盐湖锂的物源仍存在一定争议,主要有围岩风化、古湖残留、含盐系地层淋滤、油田水、深部水等,目前缺乏有力的地球化学证据。本文系统采集了那棱格勒河流域及其尾闾盐湖不同水体样品16件,分析了其主、微量元素含量及锶、硫同位素组成。结合前人的研究成果,对区域水体中锂的来源进行了探讨,得出结论如下:那棱格勒河水锂含量(0. 45~0. 79 mg/L)比楚拉克阿拉干河支流(0. 00~0. 05 mg/L)高出一个数量级,其高锂含量主要受洪水河支流的补给;洪水河高锂含量与其上游热泉水的补给有关,该热泉水锂、锶含量高、 87 Sr/ 86 Sr比值偏高, δ 34 S值偏低,与青藏高原典型热泉水地球化学特征(锂含量0. 4~34. 8 mg/L,锶含量0. 07~4. 24 mg/L, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr比值0. 71224~0. 71259, δ 34 S值- 10. 6‰~7. 6‰)较一致。那棱格勒河水(0. 71170)和尾闾盐湖卤水(0. 71143~0. 71156)相似的 87 Sr/ 86 Sr比值,以及研究区河、湖水硫同位素组成符合主要蒸发浓缩过程 δ 34 S值逐渐下降的变化趋势,均证明研究区尾闾盐湖卤水锂资源主要受那棱格勒河的补给;而古湖残留水、盆地西部含盐系地层淋滤水或油田水具有明显不同的水化学特征和锶、硫同位素组成,这些水体对研究区尾闾盐湖锂补给的贡献较小,可忽略不计。

    Abstract:

    The terminal salt lakes (Bieletan playa, Dongtaijinaier and Xitaijinaier salt lakes, Yiliping playa) of the Nalengele River in the Qaidam Basin contain the largest Li brine deposit in China. Previous studies focused on evaluating resource potential, studying metallogenic process and mining technology of Li in the region. However, there are still disputes about the sources of Li in this area (whether from weathering of surrounding rocks, remnants of ancient lakes, leaching of saline formations, oilfield water, or deep hydrothermal fluids, etc.), and solid geochemical evidence is lacking. To address this challenge, this study collected 16 water samples from the Nalenggele River and its terminal lakes, and analyzed the major and trace (Li) ionic concentrations and Sr- S isotopes. Combined with previously reported data, the sources of Li were discussed. The following conclusions are reached: ① Lithium contents of the Nalenggele river waters (0. 45~0. 79 mg/L) are an order of magnitude higher than those of Chulakealagan and Golmud rivers. The Li in the Nalenggele River is supplied by the Hongshui River which is recharged by the hot springs with high Li contents. The high Li and Sr contents, high Sr and low S isotopes of hot springs in the study area are similar to those (Li 0. 4~34. 8mg/L, Sr 0. 07~4. 24 mg/L, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr 0. 71224~0. 71259, δ 34 S -10. 6‰~+7. 6‰) on the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau; ② The similar Sr isotopes of the Nalenggele River waters (0. 71170) and the terminal lake brines (0. 71143~0. 71156), coupled with the comparable trend of the sulfur isotopic variation of the waters in the study area and those during the evaporation process, verified that the Li in the terminal lakes in the study area was originated from the recharge of Nalenggele River water. Compared with the waters in the study area, the residual brines from the ancient Qaidam lake, the leaching solutions from the salt- bearing strata or the oilfield waters in the western Qaidam basin have significantly different hydrochemical characteristics, and Sr- S isotopes. This comparison indicates that the contribution of Li from the above three sources is negligible.

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李庆宽,王建萍,吴蝉,樊启顺,秦占杰,陈亮,魏海成,都永生,袁秦,李建森,山发寿.2021.柴达木盆地那棱格勒河及其尾闾盐湖锂成矿物源:来自水化学和锶、硫同位素证据[J].地质学报,95(7):2169-2182.
Li Qingkuan, Wang Jianping, Wu Chan, Fan Qishun, Qin Zhanjie, Chen Liang, Wei Haicheng, Du Yongsheng, Yuan Qin, Li Jiansen, Shan Fashou.2021. Hydrochemistry and Sr- S isotope constraints on the source of lithium in the Nalenggele river and its terminal lakes, Qaidam basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,95(7):2169-2182.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-18
  • 最后修改日期:2021-03-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-06-24