The South Qinling belt experienced large- scale and continuous alkaline magmatism during the Early Paleozoic. The presence of alkaline rocks in this area offers valuable insights into the deep material composition, magmatic evolution, physicochemical environment, and geodynamic evolution. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the source area and evolution of early Paleozoic alkaline magmatism in the South Qinling Mountains, based on the teams recent work on the genesis of typical alkaline rocks in the region.The Early Paleozoic alkaline rocks in the South Qinling belt mainly consist of a bimodal suite, transitioning in composition from basaltic to trachytic rocks. Additionally, there area small number of carbonatitesthat coexist with alkaline silicate rocks (amphibole pyroxenites and syenite). Petrographical, chronological, and geochemical evidence suggests that these alkaline rocks share the same mantle source. The mafic rocks indicate partial melting of the mantle in the South Qinling Mountains, where the metasomatic agent ismainly silicate melt.The trachyte/syenite and carbonatite rocks are all derived from magmatic differentiation of the initial mafic component. The trachyte/syenite rocks are controlled by the segregation and crystallization of mainly feldspar and clinopyroxene. Hydrothermal processes are mainly concentrated in the Zhuxi- Zhushan area in the eastern part of the Northern Daba Mountains and the southwestern margin of the Wudang region. In these areas, hydrothermal metasomatism has led to the enrichment of rare earth elements in carbonatite. Geochronology and monazite Nd isotopic signatures suggest that the hydrothermal fluids may have originated from a reactivation event within the rocks themselves, and the Late Triassic orogeny in the Qinling region may have contributed to this process.