SHAO Tiequan
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;2 Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MLR, Xi’an 710054, China;3 State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaWANG Qi
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;2 Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MLR, Xi’an 710054, ChinaLIU Yunhuan
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;2 Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MLR, Xi’an 710054, China;3 State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaZHANG Yanan
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaLI Hewei
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaHU Bo
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaLI Chuang
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaDONG Zhiguo
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaZHANG Hongtao
1 School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant #s 41072012), the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (#s 113115 and 20132107), the Key Project of Central University Fund (CHD2012ZD017), and the College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program of Chang’an University (Grant No. 201510710060, 201510710056 and 201510710179).
The metazoan Quadrapyrgites consists, from proximal to distal ends, of an oral area, a cone, a collar, and an apex from the Early Cambrian Fortunian Stage in Xixiang Zhangjiagou section, southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Three morphological types of the apex, the most characteristic feature of the taxon, are identified from hundreds of Quadrapyrgites specimens. The Quadrapyrgites growth zone is situated at the oral end, where 12 terminal lobes are generated, uplifted, enlarged, and evaginated to form a crest; A one-by-one of crest number from 2 to 13 has been recognized. The unique growth pattern and ontogenetic sequence refute a cubozoan or cycloneuralian affinity for Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites, and instead defend a coronate scyphozoan hypothesis. An embryonic development and ontogenetic sequence with embryo and crest is constructed.
SHAO Tiequan, WANG Qi, LIU Yunhuan, ZHANG Yanan, LI Hewei, HU Bo, LI Chuang, DONG Zhiguo, ZHANG Hongtao.2015. Review of Research on Early Cambrian Phosphatized Quadrapyrgites[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica(),89(4):1398-1405
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