Twenty-seven moss specimens collected from the Guangfayong section (Early Miocene, 22.1 Ma) of the Weichang District, North China were investigated in the present study. Based on the morphological and anatomical features of gametophytes, all specimens were found to belong to three species: Leptodictyum riparium, Drepanocladus subtrichophyllus sp. nov., and Amblystegium varium, all of which belong to the family Amblystegiaceae. The microhabitats and living environments of fossil mosses were also investigated based on comparison with living mosses. The results suggest that these mosses grew primarily at the edges of rivers, streams, and lakes and favored being submerged in streams or lakes in the Weichang District in the Early Miocene.