Editor in chief：YANG Wencai
Inauguration：
International standard number：ISSN 0371-5736
Unified domestic issue：CN 11-1952/p
Domestic postal code：2-382
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LI Wenzhong , SHEN ShuzhongNanjing Institute of Geology , Palaeontology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing , Jiangsu ,
2005, 51(3):225.
Abstract:One of the most spectacular features in the Yarlung Zangbo (Indus-Tsangpo) Suture Zone in southern Xizang (Tibet), China, is that it contains pebble-sized to kilometer-scale limestone blocks. Because these blocks are isolated in the surrounding matrix rocks and have no obvious stratigraphical sequences, the interpretations of their origins of the blocks have been the subject of considerable debate for a long time. Studies of the faunas in the limestone blocks suggest that they are all characterized by the mixed characters between the Cathaysian warm-water faunas and the Gondwanan cold-water faunas. The faunas in the limestone blocks in the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, as a whole, are similar one another, and therefore may represent a generally similar sedimentary environment and paleogeographical setting. These faunas range from the late Early Permian to Changhsingian in the limestone blocks and can be largely divided into two types based on corals, fusulinids and brachiopods. One is characterized by the dominance of solitary corals, absence of fusulinids and more cold-water brachiopods, and probably represents a paleogeographical setting closer to the peri-Gondwanan margin. The other is characterized by the presence of compound corals, fusulinids and more warm-water brachiopods and therefore indicates a paleogeographical setting closer to the Lhasa Block. The limestone blocks are mostly composed of reddish or gray massive bioclastic limestone and commonly faulted with volcanic rocks or have a volcanic basement. Therefore, it is most likely that these blocks represent some carbonate deposits on the outer shelves of the peri-Gondwanan region or seamount deposits in the initial rifting stage of the Neo-Tethys, but subsequently sandwiched into the Mesozoic/Cenozoic deposits during the collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates.
WANG Wuli ) , ZHANG Lijun ) , ZHENG Shaolin ) , REN Dong ) , ZHENG Yuejuan ) , DING Qiuhong ) , ZHANG Hong ) , LI Zhitong ) , YANG Fanglin ) ) Shenyang Institute of Geology , Mineral Resources , Shenyang , Liaoning , ) Department of Biology , Capital Normal University , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):234-242.
Abstract:The Confuciusornis avifauna, Sinosauropteryx fauna, pterosaurs, conchostracans, insects, bivalves and plants (including fossil woods) of the Yixianian Stage are ascribed to the late Late Jurassic or Late Tithonian; the mammalia, dinosaurs of ornithischia and sporopollens to the early Early Cretaceous or the Berriasian Stage; and the ostracods and fishes to the transition from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous or the Late Tithonian-Berriasian. Considering that the Yixianian biota may be compared or correlated with the Solnhofen biota of Germany, the Purbeck biota in England, Late Jurassic Terori-type and Ryoseki-type floras in Japan and that they are also related to the Middle Jurassic Yorkshire flora and the Great Estuarine conchostracans fauna, the synthetic age of the Yixianian Stage may be determined as Late Tithonian to Berriasian, and the ages of the Jianshangou Bed and the Dakangbu Bed tend to be the Late Tithonian and the Berriasian, respectively. Because the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary of the Purbeck Group (Formation or Bed) that may be roughly correlated with the Yixianian Formation is not yet affirmed, and as there lack measured data, the 144 Ma, 145 Ma or 135 Ma data for the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary ages recommended by the International Stratigraphical time table cannot be used as a reliable criterion. Therefore, the establishment of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary should be based on the synthetic biological age and measured isotope age of the Yixianian stratotypes in China. Accordingly, the boundary age is preferred to set between the Jianshangou Bed of the lower Yixianian Stage and the Dakangbu Bed of the upper Yixianian Stage, and the isotope age of 124 Ma is preferably chosen because it conforms the synthetic biological age at present.
LI Shanfang ) , LI Yanhe , ) , DING Tiping , ) , WU Zonghua ) , GU Pingdeng ) ) Development , Research Center of China Geological Survey , Beijing , ) Institute of Mineral Resource , Chinese Academy of Geological Science , Beijing , ) Laboratory of Isotope Geology , MLR , Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing , ) Institute of Geophysical , Geochemical Exploration , Chinese Academy of Geological Science , Langfang , Hebei ,
2005, 51(3):243-249.
Abstract:大别山地区榴辉岩全岩的3He/4 He值分布在0 .0 13×10 - 6 ～0 .76 0×10 - 6 之间,平均0 .2 0 0×10 - 6 ,榴辉岩中石榴子石单矿物的3He/4 He值与其全岩的3He/4 He值基本一致。在3He—4 He分布图上榴辉岩的氦同位素数据点远离地幔氦的分布范围,而位于大气氦与地壳氦的过渡部位。采用真空压碎方法对榴辉岩中石榴子石和绿辉石的氦同位素组成进行了分析,也未找到地幔氦的明显踪迹。结合大别—苏鲁地区榴辉岩中极低的δ1 8O值、εNd(0 )值等地球化学特征,提出大别—苏鲁地区超高压变质榴辉岩可能是在地壳中形成的,并未曾俯冲至10 0多千米的地幔深度。榴辉岩的3He/4 He值与围岩类型密切相关,榴辉岩的δ1 8O值与围岩的δ1 8O值同步变化,以及含柯石英大理岩、片麻岩和硬玉石英岩等非基性超高压变质岩和脉状榴辉岩的发现,均证明榴辉岩与其围岩一起经历了超高压变质过程,榴辉岩及其围岩在变质过程中未发生明显的位移,即榴辉岩是原地成因的。
WANG Feng , ) , WANG Ju ) , FAN Honghai ) , SU Gang ) , XU Jian ) , WANG Huanzhen ) ) Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology , Beijing , ) China Earthquake Administration , Beijing , ) Institute of Crustal Dynamics , CEA , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):250-256.
Abstract:Based on the analysis of Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) images, geological mapping and study of the fault activity in the Beishan Region of Gansu province, this paper discusses the deformation mechanism of this region since the late Quaternary. The faults in this region can be classed into two groups in terms of their strikes: NE-striking and W-E-striking faults. All the NE-striking faults are normal faults with a left-slip component while all the W-E-striking faults are thrusts with a left-slip component. All the faults in this region are active in the late Quaternary. The present-day structure of the region indicates that it was formed under a NE-SW compression stress field. This stress field is caused by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates and the northward movement of the Indian plate. Under this stress field, the W-E-striking faults of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic were reactivated and the NE-striking faults were formed. Because the NE-striking faults are younger than the W-E-striking faults, the former offsets the latter. This phenomenon means that the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates affects geological structures not only within the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, but also in region north to the plateau. Because the Indian plate is still moving northward at a speed of about 40 mm/a, we conclude that the tectonic deformation of the Beishan region will become greater in the future.
2005, 51(3):257-263.
Abstract:吐鲁番—哈密盆地十红滩铀矿床属层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿床,位于吐鲁番—哈密自流水盆地南缘的艾丁斜坡带上,含矿含水层赋存于中侏罗统水西沟群西山窑组含煤碎屑岩中,主要岩性为砾岩、含砾粗—中粒长石石英砂岩,赋存孔隙承压水,渗透系数为0 .14～0 .5 3m/ d,现代地下水流向总体由南向北,地下水为高矿化度的Cl·SO4 —Na型水,地下水中铀含量最高可达2 .2 4 5 1mg/ L,其主要以U O2 (CO3) 2 形式迁移。研究认为:区域上有利的地下水补—径—排系统是形成该矿床的前提条件,局部构造作为局部补给源影响着地下水的流向,进而控制层间氧化带及铀矿化的形成及展布方向,铀矿化主要产于含水层渗透性相对较好的疏松砂岩中。铀矿床的形成经历了成岩过程的预富集和后期层间氧化带成矿作用两个阶段。至今,铀成矿作用仍处于发展演化过程中。
WU Ziyu , ) , WANG Hongbo ) , XU Donghai ) , ZHOU Yongchang ) ) Key Lab of Geo-Exploration Instrumentation , Ministry of Education , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , ) Qiqihar Branch , Heilongjiang Institute of Geological Survey , Qiqihar , Heilongjiang , ) College of Geo-Exploration , Technology , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin ,
2005, 51(3):264-267.
Abstract:通过氢、氧、硫同位素测试和流体包裹体测温，结合三道湾子金矿床的地质、地球化学特征，探讨了三道湾子金矿矿床成因。研究表明三道湾子金矿为与中生代陆相火山岩有关的中一低温浅成热液矿床。矿石矿化类型为石英脉型。流体包裹体均一温度为150～276℃，盐度(NaCleq)为2．89％～5．82％，平均4．2％。黄铁矿δ^34S值为-3．1‰～ 3．8‰，石英δ^18O值为-11．3‰～-8．5‰，δDv-SMOW值为-110‰～-85‰。
ZHU Ailan ) , XU Xiwei ) , HU Ping ) , ZHOU Yongsheng ) , LIN Yuanwu ) , CHEN Guihua ) , GAN Weijun ) ) Institute of Geology , China Seismological Bureau , Beijing , ) Seismological Bureau of Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):268-274.
Abstract:使用双差地震定位法对首都圈地区39°～4 1°N,115°～118°E范围内1980～2 0 0 0年的2 0 98个小震进行了重新定位,定位均方根残差从重新定位前的1.4 s降到0 .32 s。重新定位后,地震活动多集中分布于北东与北西向断裂的交汇处,或密集成北东与北西向线性分布,与已知活动断裂具有密切的关系。在顺义与延怀盆地一带揭示出几条高角度北西向隐伏活动断裂,长度在10～2 0 km间。小震活动显示的构造信息表明,北西向构造是重要的发震构造,在现今构造变形和地震孕育、发生中,与北东向构造起着同样重要的作用。同时,重定位震源深度分布在东西方向上显示出明显的不均匀性,推测是地壳变形和构造活动强弱在横向变化的一种反映。
DONG Shuwen ) , CHEN Xuanhua ) , SHI Jing ) , LIU Sufang ) ) Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing , ) Institute of Geomechanics , CAGS , Beijing , ) National Geological Library of China , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):275.
Abstract:The 100-year development of the geological sciences reflects the meandering history of economic development and social progression in the 20th century, especially the dependence of industrialization on mineral resources and profoundly affection of social progression on the structural development of the geological sciences. The development and evolution paths of geoscience and its branch sciences in the point of computation view are derived in this paper, through the statistics and integration analyses of the international geological documents in the 20th century recorded in GeoRef database. The paths provide testimony of the point that the impetus of the development of geological sciences was changed from feeding to demanding, and record and reflect the affections of momentous historical events and mineral resource demanding during industrialization procedure on the development of geosciences. The paths also objectify that technological progression is the original revolutional impetus on the development of geosciences, and reveal that there is gap between geosciences in China and developed countries. It is a new method and idea to review quantitatively the long periodical developing principle of geosciences in the term of knowledge structure and the prosperity and declining of geological branch sciences through the application of statistics of the published scientific documents in 100 years.
ZHONG Jianhua , ) , WEN Zhifeng ) , LI YONG ) , GUO Zeqing ) , WANG Haiqiao ) , LIU Zuhan ) JI Guosheng ) , WU Kongyou ) ) College of Geo-resources , Information , Petroleum University
2005, 51(3):288-300.
Abstract:Defined here as "essentially in place calcareous deposits created by sessile organisms", organic reefs are favorable place for hydrocarbon and some ore reserves due to the well-developed pore and cavity, and therefore its study is full of practical significance, and gets more and more attention. Organic reefs, with a long geological history, are diverse and complex in structure, composition and form, resulting in fierce debate on classification. The identification criteria for organic reef are often characterized by reliance on subjective features such as wave-resistance and so on, therefore resulting in sharp disagreement on reef recognition for more than 100 years. All these are in fact the resultant of the basic problems such as concept, definition and meaning of terms. The confusion of these aspects seriously hindered the study of organic reef home and abroad. During the past 20 years, great progress was made in the study of organic reef, especially in the identification criteria, which are placed on the objective characteristic of the type of sedimentary support, which largely determines the sedimentary composition of the deposit. It extended the study scope and depth for the organic reef to a large extent. Hence, the introduction and review of the current study is important for our research on organic reef. Therefore, this paper, based on the current documents home and abroad, is to introduce the history and current study result of organic reef; summarize the widely acceptable concept and definition, and the classification according to the structure supporting; review the growth process, controlling factors and the relation with environment, as well as bioconstruction in different times and reef geochemical study.
ZHAO Ting ) , ZHAO Xun ) ) Institute of Mineral Resources , Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing , ) Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):301-308.
Abstract:The first conference on world geoparks was held in Beijing, China, in June 2004. In August that year, the 32nd International Geological Congress was convened in Florence, Italy. Oral presentations and posters made by hundreds of geologists and geopark administrators from scores of countries of five continents demonstrated the current situation of geoheritage conservation, geoscientific researches on geoheritages, public education, methods and technology of protection, the relations of geoheritages with cultural heritages, with development and planning of cities and regions, and with the development of tourism, the relations between geoparks and national parks, the prospects of geoparks in Europe, America, Africa, Australia and Asia etc. In view of the current situation in foreign countries, we have much to do in relevant legislation construction, researches on geological backgrounds, training of personnel etc. to maintain a leading place in the research and protection of geoheritages.
WANG Ziyu , ) , ZHANG Mingli ) )Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism , Ministry of Education , Beijing , ) School of the Earth , Space Sciences , Peking University , Beijing , )Institute of Petroleum Exploration , Development , China Petroleum Chemistry Corporation , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):309-318.
Abstract:综合地质对比法、声波时差法以及不连续镜质体反射率法得到西湖凹陷新生界T2^0、T2^4、T3^0三个重要的不整合面上地层的剥蚀厚度。剥蚀量的宏观分布与主要构造带的走向基本一致，局部构造的剥蚀与其特定的构造位置有关。T2反射界面为斜坡-褶皱型地层剥蚀模式，剥蚀量主要分布在中央背斜构造带，沿龙井一井-东海一井-花港一井-玉泉二井-残雪一井一线附近的地层剥蚀量最大，可达2000m以上；西部斜坡区次之。T2^4反射界面地层剥蚀模式为过渡型剥蚀模式，地层剥蚀量在凹陷东部边缘较大，最大可达800m以上；中央背斜带的东海一井构造带、龙井一井构造带、花港一井构造带、玉泉一井构造带、玉泉二井构造带、残雪一井构造带、春晓构造带等有局部剥蚀，一般在400～600m以内。T3^0反射界面为断块-斜坡地层剥蚀模式，地层剥蚀量以西部斜坡最大，中央背斜局部构造有剥蚀。西部斜坡带剥蚀量一般在200～800m之间，中央构造带的龙井二井构造带、花港一井构造带、玉泉二井构造带、天外天一井构造带以及东缘构造带有较少剥蚀，一般在200～400m以下。
WANG Huan , WANG Hejing , CHEN Tao , ZHANG ZuqingKey Laboratory of Orogenic Belts , Crustal Evolution , Ministry of Education of China , School of Earth , Space Sciences , Peking University , Beijing , China
2005, 51(3):319-324.
Abstract:天津蓟县中元古界串岭沟组上部黑色页岩产有丰富的伊利石，其矿物组合仅为石英和伊利石，是重要的可利用伊利石资源。运用化学成分分析和XRD方法确定出伊利石含量为64％～70％。由Scherrer方程计算的平均c^*轴方向厚度为12nm，平均6轴方向长度为167nm，结合伊利石的片状生长习性，可确定串岭沟组上部黑色页岩所产伊利石为二维纳米级伊利石，具有重要的纳米属性。化学成分分析表明，黑色页岩所产伊利石具有0．75的层间电荷和二八面体为主的二八-三八面体的过渡类型八面体结构特点。对数正态粒度大小的分布特征表明黑色页岩中的伊利石经历了由成核→等体积转移→最终长大的Ostwald成熟效应。
LIU Liangming ) , LU Junwu ) , PENG Shenglin ) , WANG Guoping ) , FANG Weixuan ) , SHAO Yongjun ) ) School of Geoscience , Environment Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , ) Tongdu Cooper Co. , Ltd. , Tongling , Anhui , ) Department of Geological Exploration , Ministry of Land , Resources , Beijing , ) China Non-Ferrous Metal Resource Geological Survey , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):325-333.
Abstract:It is necessary to carry out a re-exploration in the maturely explored metallogenic district, but predictive mineral discoveries in these districts have been obstructed by some special difficulties such as ineffective model and large depth of the undiscovered ore deposits. For enhancing predictive discovery of hidden ore deposits, the strategies we should adopt include innovation of exploration model, application of advanced exploration techniques and integration of multiple sets of information. The innovation of the exploration model must incorporate the new metallogenic concepts that are based on the geodynamic anatomization. The numerical geodynamic modeling is an effective way to innovate the model. Advanced techniques should be used for enhancing detecting depth and accuracy. It must be based on detailed and correct geological data. The information synthesis is to integrate multiple sets of data for giving a more credible and visual prospectivity map by using of the GIS and data- and knowledge-driven integration methods, which can extract useful information from every set of data as much as possible. Guided by these strategies, we implemented a prediction exploration program in the Fenghuangshan ore field of the Tongling Cu district, which results in a successful discovery of a hidden ore deposit.
LI Xiaofeng ) , MAO Jingwen ) , CHEN Wen ) ) Institute of Mineral Resources , Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing , ) Institute of Geology , Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences , Beijing ,
2005, 51(3):334-339.
Abstract:缅萨洼金矿位于扬子地台西缘龙门山锦屏山造山带南段,扬子地台与松潘甘孜造山带的过渡地带,是与剪切带有关的金矿床.本文通过对蚀变花岗岩和含金石英脉两类矿石中的绢云母进行40Ar/39Ar快中子活化年龄测试,获得蚀变花岗岩中绢云母坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为23.31±0.07 Ma和23.26±0.42 Ma;含金石英脉中绢云母的坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为22.98±0.31 Ma和22.58±0.31 Ma.这些数据表明缅萨洼金矿成矿作用主要发生在23 Ma左右,这对于认识扬子地台西缘金矿床形成的地球动力学背景具有重要意义.
ZHAI Wei , ) , YUAN Guibang ) , LI Zhaolin ) , HUANG Donglin ) , WEN Yongjun ) ) Department of Earth Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , ) State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research , Nanjing University , Nanjing , ) Tianjin Institute of Geology , Mineral Resources , Tianjin , ) Hetai Gold Mine , Gaoyao , Guangdong ,
2005, 51(3):340-346.
Abstract:河台金矿是一个强烈受韧性剪切带控制的金矿床,金的成矿主要发生在热液蚀变成矿期的金石英脉阶段和金硫化物阶段,形成的矿石有蚀变糜棱岩型和富硫化物石英脉型.富硫化物含金石英脉中单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素测年显示早加里东期是河台金矿床主成矿期,成矿年龄为492±16Ma;矿区燕山期伍村花岗岩的单颗粒锆石年龄为153.6±2.1Ma;结合已有的同位素资料,认为河台金矿床是华南加里东期构造-变质-岩浆作用及成矿作用的一个组成部分,是一个早加里东期造山作用同期的造山带型金矿床,并可能有燕山期的热液叠加成矿作用.
ZHU Cheng , MA Chunmei , HUANG Linyan , ZHAO NingxiDepartment of Urban , Resources Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing ,
2005, 51(3):347-352.
Abstract:来自^14C、δ^13C、粒度和地球化学元素的分析表明，南京江北地区在5120a BP、6240a BP、4840a BP和8914a BP是气候相对暖湿期，而8523a BP和6520a BP可能对应的是相对干冷的气候。该区在9490～4840a BP期间沉积速率具有明显不均一性，9490～8730a BP期间沉积速率为56mm／100a，8695～8566a BP期间为62mm／100a，而8523～4840a BP期间沉积速率仅为8mm／100a，上述现象可能与9490～8566a BP期间该区经历过海侵和地壳沉降加快有关。由于在第5～7层中未发现海相有孔虫，可以肯定该区海拔高于7m的地带在9490～4840a BP期间未受海侵影响。
2005, 51(3):256,324-0.
Abstract:“2004年全国岩石学与地球动力学研讨会”于2004年11月19～24日在海南省海口市成功举办。会议共收到摘要230余份，与会人员250余人，人员来自全国50余家地学单位，另有8家杂志社和出版社以及1个仪器厂家。会议特邀了9名代表大会发言，170余人分别在两个分会场发言。本次会议参加人数众多，云集了国内大批专家教授，包括9名院士，充分展现了近年来高水平的研究新成果；会内会外讨论热烈，学术气氛浓厚，与会者反映会议十分成功，收获很大。本次会议成功有以下几个特点：
Editor in chief：YANG Wencai
Inauguration：
International standard number：ISSN 0371-5736
Unified domestic issue：CN 11-1952/p
Domestic postal code：2-382