The first two decades of the 20th century witnessed the budding and vigorous development of China's geological undertakings. During this period, China's geological science, which originated from the West, gradually established its own theoretical framework. China cultivated its first group of geological professionals independently during this time, and they swiftly developed into the mainstay of domestic geological surveys. ,Tan Xichou（谭锡畴,Tan H. C. ）, a geologist and mineral deposit expert, was a representative figure. Between 1915 and 1924, Tan Xichou conducted intensive geological investigations in Shandong, leaving behind 12 volumes of highly valuable geological records and completing a number of academic papers, most of which have not yet been utilized in historical research. Based on these precious historical geological records, a systematic review of Tan Xichou's experiences during his study, internship, and early career stages is carried out. A profound analysis of the significance of his achievements in Shandong is also made, to observe the development process of Tan Xichou's personal academic ability and the development trajectory of China's early geological and mineral resources undertakings from these aspects.