en
×

分享给微信好友或者朋友圈

使用微信“扫一扫”功能。
作者简介:

朱梦媛,女,2001年生,硕士研究生,资源与环境专业;E-mail: x23301111@stu.ahu.edu.cn。

通讯作者:

何情,女,1987年生,博士,副教授,主要从事古生物地层学研究;E-mail: heqingzjb@163.com。

参考文献
安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队. 1988. 安徽地层志·白垩系分册. 合肥: 安徽科学技术出版社: 16~20.
参考文献
陈烈祖, 夏广胜. 1985. 安徽沿江和皖南地区白垩纪地层. 地层学杂志, 9(4): 307~313.
参考文献
陈忠良, 何情, 张蜀康, 程小青. 2022. 安徽省潜山盆地发现恐龙蛋化石. 中国地质, 49(4): 1346~1347.
参考文献
勾韵娴, 曹美珍, 叶春辉. 1978. 皖南侏罗—白垩纪介形类. 古生物学报, 17(1): 45~70+110~115.
参考文献
黄建东, 王强, 胡远超, 任鑫鑫, 汪筱林. 2017. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋新类型. 科学通报, 62(23): 2660~2665.
参考文献
姜琴, 何情, 郑刘根, 胡毅. 2017. 安徽齐云山晚白垩世恐龙蛋矿物和元素组成及古环境分析. 岩矿测试, 36(4): 340~349.
参考文献
李昌文. 1998. 安徽贵池地区晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石的发现. 地层学杂志, 22(1): 59~61.
参考文献
李海滨, 贾东, 武龙, 张勇. 2011. 下扬子地区中—新生代的挤压变形与伸展改造及其油气勘探意义. 岩石学报, 27(3): 770~778.
参考文献
李曼英. 2005. 安徽宣州晚白垩世和古近纪孢粉组合. 微体古生物学报, 22(1): 59~77.
参考文献
黎敬, 时国, 楼法生, 杨玲, 许梦园, 于娟. 2024. 江西省赣州市章贡区晚白垩世莲荷组恐龙蛋化石显微镜结构及古环境意义. 现代地质, doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8527. 2024. 104.
参考文献
邱占祥, 李传夔, 黄学诗, 汤英俊, 徐钦琦, 阎德发, 张宏. 1977. 安徽含哺乳动物化石的古新统. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.
参考文献
汤英俊, 阎德发. 1976. 安徽潜山、宣城古新世哺乳动物化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.
参考文献
王德恩, 余心起, 江功炳. 1995. 皖南休宁县发现恐龙蛋化石. 安徽地质, (4): 60.
参考文献
王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 张蜀康. 2009. 巨型长形蛋的研究. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十次全国会员代表大会暨第25届学术年会——纪念中国古生物学会成立80周年论文摘要集: 218.
参考文献
王强, 汪筱林, 赵资奎, 蒋严根. 2010a. 浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组长形蛋科一新蛋属. 古脊椎动物学报, 48(2): 111~118.
参考文献
王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 蒋严根, 张蜀康. 2010b. 浙江天台晚白垩世巨型长形蛋科一新属及巨型长形蛋科的分类订正. 古生物学报, 49(1): 73~86.
参考文献
王强, 黄建东, 汪筱林, 李宁, 胡远超. 2013. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石新类型. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十一次全国会员代表大会暨第27届学术年会文集: 191.
参考文献
吴浩, 姚素平, 焦堃, 胡文瑄, 尹宏伟, 贾东. 2013. 下扬子区上二叠统龙潭组页岩气勘探前景. 煤炭学报, 38(5): 870~876.
参考文献
杨钟健. 1954. 山东莱阳蛋化石. 古生物学报, 2(4): 371~388.
参考文献
杨钟健. 1965. 广东南雄、始兴, 江西赣州的蛋化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.
参考文献
余心起. 1998. 皖南恐龙类化石特征及其地层划分意义. 中国区域地质, 17(3): 55~61.
参考文献
张玉光, 李奎. 1998. 中国恐龙蛋化石及其生态地层浅析. 岩相古地理, 18(2): 32~38.
参考文献
赵宏, 赵资奎. 1999. 辽宁黑山恐龙蛋——长形蛋类新分子的发现及其意义. 古脊椎动物学报, 37(4): 278~284+342.
参考文献
赵资奎. 1975. 广东南雄恐龙蛋化石的显微结构(一)——兼论恐龙蛋化石的分类问题. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.
参考文献
赵资奎, 叶捷, 李华梅, 赵振华, 严正. 1991. 广东省南雄盆地白垩系—第三系交界恐龙绝灭问题. 古脊椎动物学报, 29(1): 1~12.
参考文献
赵资奎, 王强, 张蜀康. 2015. 中国古脊椎动物志第二卷第七册—恐龙蛋类. 北京: 科学出版社: 1~172.
参考文献
Chen Liezu, Xia Guangsheng. 1985#. Cretaceous strata along the Yangtze River and southern Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 9(4): 307~313.
参考文献
Chen Zhongliang, He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Cheng Xiaoqing. 2022&. The first record of dinosaur eggs from the Qianshan Basin of Anhui Province, China. Geology in China, 49(4): 1345~1347.
参考文献
Gou Yunxian, Cao Meizhen, Ye Chunhui. 1978&. Jurassic—Cretaceous ostracods from southern Anhui. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 17(1): 43~64+110~115.
参考文献
Han Fei, Wang Qiang, Wang Huapei, Zhu Xufeng, Zhou Xinying, Wang Zhixiang, Fang Kaiyong, Thomas A S, Wang Wei, Wang Xiaoling, Li Xiaoqiang, Qin Huafeng, Fan Longgang, Wen Chen, Luo Jianhong, Pan Yongxin, Deng Chenglong. 2022. Low dinosaur biodiversity in central China 2 million years prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Untied States of America, 119(39): 1~11.
参考文献
He Qing, Jiang Qin, Xing Lida, Zhang Shukang, Pan Wenjing, Hu Hui, Lu Shuo, Yin Qifeng. 2019a. Geochemical characteristics of newly discovered Elongatoolithidae eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Jiangxi Province, southern China: Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic inferences. Cretaceous Research, 99: 352~364.
参考文献
He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Xing Lida, Jiang Qin, Wang Xiaoli, Pan Zhenghua, Hu Yi. 2019b. A new oospecies of Similifaveoloolithidae from the Xiuning Basin, Late Cretaceous of Anhui, China. Historical Biology, 31(2): 168~176.
参考文献
He Qing, Chen Zhongliang, Zhang Shukang, Gui Zewen, Chen Yating. 2022a. A new oospecies of Shixingoolithus (Shixingoolithus qianshanensis oosp. nov. ) from the Qianshan Basin, Anhui Province, East China. Journal of Paleogeography in English, 11 (4): 629~639.
参考文献
He Qing, Gui Zewen, Mao Lei, Huang Jiandong, Xing Lida, Chen Yating, Zhang Wenyuan. 2022b. Element and isotope compositions of newly discovered dinosaur eggs and geochemical environmental instructions from the early Late Cretaceous of Xiuning Basin, China. Historical Biology, 34(5): 865~874.
参考文献
Huang Jiandong, Wang Qiang, Hu Yuanchao, Ren Xinxin, Wang Xiaolin. 2017#. New oospecies of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Southern Anhui. Chin. Sci. Bull. , 62(23): 2660~2665.
参考文献
Jiang Qin, He Qing, Zheng Liugen, Hu Yi. 2017&. Mineral and elemental composition of Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Qiyunshan area, Anhui Province and its implication palaeoenvironmental analysis. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 36(4): 340~349.
参考文献
Kohei Tanaka, Lü Junchang, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Darla K Z, Xu Li, Jia Songhai, Qin Shuang, Tang Minan. 2011. Description and phylogenetic position of Dinosaur eggshells from the Luanchuan area of western Henan Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica(English edition), 85(1): 66~74.
参考文献
Li Changwei. 1998&. Discovery of the Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Guichi area, Anhui. Journal of stratigraphy, 22(1): 59~61.
参考文献
Li Haibin, Jia Dong, Wu Long, Zhang Yong. 2011&. The Mesozoic—Cenozoic compressional defomation, extensional modification and their significance for hydrocarbon exploration in Lower Yangtze region. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 27(3): 770~778.
参考文献
Li Jing, Shi Guo, Lou Fasheng, Yang Ling, Xu Mengyuan, Yu Juan. 2024&. Microstructure and paleoenvironmental significance of dinosaur egg fossils from the Late Cretaceous Lianhe Formation in Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. Geoscience; doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8537. 2024. 104.
参考文献
Li Manying. 2005&. The Late Cretaceous and Paleogene palynological assemblages from Xuanzhou, Anhui Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 22(1): 59~77.
参考文献
Lu Sanming, Lan Xueyi, Zhao Lili, Zhang Zanzan , Yang Xiaoyong, Zhao Zhuang, Guo Dong, Xu Xiaochun, Wang Yongsheng, Li Jianshe, Qi Huasheng. 2022. A 3D Investigation of Geological Structure and Its Relationship to Mineralization in the Nanling—Xuancheng Ore District, Middle—Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, China. Journal of Earth Science, 33(3): 664~680.
参考文献
Qiu Zhanxiang, Li Chuankui, Huang Xueshi, Xu Qinqi, Yan Defa, Zhang Hong. 1977#. Continental Paleocene stratigraphy of Qianshan and Xuancheng Basins. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.
参考文献
Regional Geological Investigation Team of Anhui Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. 1988#. Stratigraphic Records of Anhui, Cretaceous Fascicle. Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Publishing house: 1~127.
参考文献
Tang Yingjun, Yan Defa. 1976#. Note on some mammalian fossils from the Paleocene of Qianshan and Xuancheng, Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.
参考文献
Wang Deen, Yu Xinqi, Jiang Gongbing. 1995#. Dinosaur eggs from Xiuning County of South Anhui. Geology of Anhui, 5(4): 60.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Zhang Shukang. 2009#. Research on the Oogenus Macroelongatoolithus. Nanjing: Palaeontological Society of China. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 25th Annual Conference of PSC: 218.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin, Zhao Zikui, Jiang Yangen. 2010a&. A new oogenus of Elongatoolithidae from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(2): 111~118.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Jiang Yangen, Zhang Shukang. 2010b&. A new oogenus of macroelongatoolithid eggs from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of the Tiantai basin, Zhejiang Province and a revision of the macroelongatoolithids. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 49(1): 73~86.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Huang Jiandong, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Hu Yuanchao. 2013#. The new type of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of South Anhui. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 27th Annual Conference of PSC: 191.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Zou Songlin. 2013. A new form of Elongatoolithidae, Undulatoolithus pengi oogen. et oosp. nov. from Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China. Zootaxa, 3746(1): 194~200.
参考文献
Wu Hao, Yao Suping, Jiao Kun, Hu Wenxuan, Yi Hongwei, Jia Dong. 2013&. Shale-gas exploration prospect of Longtan Formation in the Lower Yangtze area of China. Journal of China Coal Society, 38(5): 870~876.
参考文献
Young Chungchien. 1954#. Fossil reptilian eggs from Laiyang, Shantung, China. Scientia Sinica, 2(4): 371~388.
参考文献
Young Chungchien. 1965#. Fossil eggs from Nanhsiung, Kwangtung and Kanchou, Kiangsi. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.
参考文献
Yu Xinqi. 1998&. Characteristics of dinosaur fossils from southern Anhui and their significance for stratigraphic division. Regional Geology of China, 17(3): 55~61.
参考文献
Zhang Xu, Gui Herong, Wu Linqiang, Sun Yankun, Hong Dajun, Yang Zhicheng, Zhang Kai, Huang Suhe, Liu Hong, Xiao Wanfeng, Chen Kefu, Zhang Hui. 2023. Characterizing pore size distribution of high maturity shales and main controlling factors analysis: A case study of Permian Gufeng Formation in the Lower Yangtze region, China. Geological Journal, 58(12): 4533~4546.
参考文献
Zhang Yuguang, Li Kui. 1998&. The dinosaur egg fossils in China and their ecostratigraphy. Facies Palaeogeogr, 18(2): 32~38.
参考文献
Zhao Hong, Zhao Zikui. 1999&. A new form of Elongatoolithid dinosaur eggs from the Lower Cretaceous Shahal Formation of Heishan, Liaoning Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 37(4): 278~284+342.
参考文献
Zhao Zikui. 1975#. The microstructure of dinosaurian eggshells of Nanhsiung Basin, Guangdong Province——On the classification of dinosaur eggs. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.
参考文献
Zhao Zikui, Ye Jie, Li Huamei, Zhao Zhenhua, Yan Zheng. 1991#. Extinction of dinosaur at Cretaceous—Paleogene boundary in Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 29(1): 1~20.
参考文献
Zhao Zikui, Wang Qiang, Zhang Shukang. 2015#. Palaeovertebrata Sinica, Vol. Ⅱ: Amphibians Reptilians, and Avians, Fasicle 7 Dinosaur Eggs. Beijing: Science Press: 1~172.
参考文献
Zhu Xufeng, Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin. 2024. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study of elongatoolithid eggs from China with microstructural and parataxonomic implications. Paleobiology, 50(2): 330~345.
目录contents

    摘要

    安徽省恐龙蛋化石主要集中发现在休宁盆地和潜山盆地,宣城盆地从未有过恐龙相关化石的分类学描述。宣城市宣州区青弋江南大道旁上白垩统宣南组新发现的恐龙蛋及蛋壳碎片是宣城盆地恐龙蛋化石的首次分类报道,对该地区K-T界线地层划分和对比具有重要意义。笔者等对蛋化石宏观形态进行了测量分析,观察了蛋壳显微结构特征,结果为宣城盆地蛋化石为长形(长径大于100 mm,短径70 mm);蛋壳外表面为脊状或链条状纹饰,蛋壳厚度1.10~1.80 mm;锥体层与柱状层之间有较直的分界线,两者厚度之比为1∶4~1∶3;锥体层排列紧密,蛋壳中气孔道较少,呈直线形。笔者等发现的恐龙蛋化石归属于长形蛋科长形蛋属的安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi),是安徽省长形蛋化石的首次详细记录,且蛋化石主要保存于上白垩统宣南组K—T界线附近,其属种分类和地球化学研究可以为K—T界线恐龙灭绝提供重要的基础资料。

    Abstract

    Objectives: Dinosaur eggs in Anhui province are mainly preserved in Xiuning Basin and Qianshan Basin, and there are no taxonomic description in Xuancheng Basin. Dinosaur eggs and eggshells from the Upper Cretaceous Xuannan Formation near Qingyijiangnan Avenue, Xuanzhou District, Xucheng City are the first report in Xuancheng Basin, which are important for the stratigraphic division and correlation of the K—T boundary. Dinosaur eggs in this paper were analyzed by macrostructural measurement and microstructural observation.

    Results: Results show that these eggs are elongate in shape (the length is more than 100 mm and width is 70 mm). Chain or ridge ornamentations are distributed on the outer surface and eggshell thicknesses varies between 1.10 mm and 1.80 mm. The boundary between the cone layer and the columnar layer is nearly straight, and the ratio between them is 1∶4~1∶3. The radial microstructures in the cone layer are arranged closely and pore are few with erect shape.

    Conclusions: These dinosaur eggs are belonged to Elongatoolithus andrewsi in Elongatoolithidae, which are the first detailed taxonomic record in the Xuancheng Basin, southern Anhui Province. These eggs are mainly preserved in the Upper Cretaceous Xuannan Formation. The studies of oospecies classification and further geochemistry provide important basic data for the dinosaur extinctions at the K—T boundary.

  • 安徽贵池、黄山和休宁等地曾先后发现了大量的恐龙蛋化石,这些蛋化石的发现为研究区晚白垩世红层的划分与对比提供了最直接的证据(李昌文,1998; 余心起,1998; 黄建东等,2017)。然而,与国内其他地区相比,安徽省恐龙蛋的报道和记录相对较少。目前已发现的恐龙蛋化石点主要集中在黄山市休宁盆地(黄建东等,2017; He Qing et al.,2019b) 和安庆市潜山盆地(He Qing et al.,2022a; 陈忠良等,2022),蛋化石类型主要包括齐云山似蜂窝蛋(姜琴等,2017; He Qing et al.,2019b)、休宁伞形蛋(王强等,2017; He Qing et al.,2022b)、渭桥椭圆形蛋、太平湖长形蛋、黄土岭椭圆形蛋(余心起,1998)、粗皮蛋(李昌文,1998)和潜山始兴蛋(He Qing et al.,2022a; 陈忠良等,2022)。陈烈祖和夏广胜(1985)曾在宣城盆地杨柳铺宣南组发现恐龙蛋化石,但只是简单记录,并没有详细的属种描述和分类。目前为止,宣城盆地陆续发现了大量的古生物化石(汤英俊和阎德发,1976),主要包括哺乳动物(邱占祥等,1977)、双壳纲(陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985)、腹足纲、介形亚纲(勾韵娴等,1978; 陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985)和植物化石(李曼英,2005)等,其中最有名的是K—T之交双塔寺组的哺乳动物化石群,典型代表为麻姑宣南兽(Hsiuannania maguensis)、麻姑山中兽(Dissacus magushanensis)、进步中国柱齿兽(Sinostylops progressus)、古棱齿兽(Archaeolambda sp. nov)(邱占祥等,1977)和宣城皖兽(Wanotherium xuanchengensis) (汤英俊和阎德发,1976),但未曾有爬行动物相关的化石详细记录,尤其是恐龙相关的化石。2023年12月,安徽省地质博物馆茅磊博士等在宣城市发现了大量的恐龙蛋化石和蛋壳碎片,还有大量待挖掘的恐龙蛋化石。笔者等首次对这些新发现的恐龙蛋化石进行详细的属种描述和分类鉴定,为宣城盆地K—T界线地层划分和对比提供重要的与恐龙相关的爬行动物化石记录。

  • 图1 皖南宣城盆地恐龙蛋化石研究区地理位置

  • Fig.1 Simplified geographical map of the study area and dinosaur egg sites in the Xuancheng Basin, southern Anhui

  • 1 地质背景

  • 新发现的恐龙蛋化石发掘于宣城市宣州区青弋江南大道附近(30°54′28.35″N,118°40′31.87″E)(图1)的上白垩统宣南组地层中。宣城盆地位于下扬子板块,南与江南造山带相连(李海滨等,2011; 吴浩等,2013; Lu Sanming et al.,2022; Zhang Xu et al.,2023),上白垩统自下而上主要包括七房村组和宣南组(图2)(勾韵娴等,1978; 安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队,1988)。七房村组总厚283.99 m,主要为紫红色砾岩、含砂砾岩、含砾砂岩和粉砂岩,未发现脊椎动物化石(安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队,1988)。宣南组的底部有一个明显的沉积间段,不整合覆盖在七房村组之上(陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985),为河湖相碎屑岩沉积(勾韵娴等,1978),总厚约6848 m(陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985; 安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队,1988),按其岩性特征可分为3段:下段为棕红色巨厚层砾岩、砂砾岩夹含砾粗砂岩,厚1459.78 m;中段下部为暗紫色厚层—巨厚层砾岩、粉砂岩与含砾砂岩互层,上部为紫红色含砾砂岩和钙质粉砂岩,厚2074.45 m,主要含瓣鳃类(勾韵娴等,1978)、腹足类(勾韵娴等,1978; 陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985)、古植物(李曼英,2005)和以CyprideaTalicyprideaCandona为主的介形类化石(勾韵娴等,1978);上段主要为棕红色中厚层砂岩、岩屑砂岩、石英砂岩、含砾砂岩、泥质粉砂岩和粉砂质泥岩(陈烈祖和夏广胜,1985; 安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队,1988),厚3313.60 m,富含以TalicyprideaCyprideaEucyprisCyprios为主的介形类化石组合。笔者等所发现的恐龙蛋化石出现在宣南组上段顶部的棕红色砂岩中,保存环境为典型的河湖相沉积。

  • 2 材料和方法

  • 笔者等的研究材料主要包括宣城盆地已采集的单枚蛋化石和部分蛋壳碎片,蛋化石编号为XC-2023-1。为了防止进一步风化,目前,所有化石均保存在安徽大学资源与环境工程学院储藏室。为准确对宣城盆地恐龙蛋进行蛋壳厚度的测量和显微结构的观察,挑选零散蛋壳碎片1~2片进行研究。蛋壳切片前,用小针将蛋壳外表面的松散沉积物剔除,在超声波清洗机中清洗10 min,然后在电热鼓风干燥机中干燥,上述蛋壳切片前处理过程在安徽大学地质学实验室完成。清理后的蛋壳需要进一步被包埋在树脂中,并使用EXAKT300CP自动切片机切割。将蛋壳制作为两个径切面,使用DPM-250磨片机和P-1A抛光机制作薄片,薄片厚度磨至约30μm,所有切片过程均在中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所(IVPP)完成。蛋壳薄片使用Olympus BX53偏光显微镜进行显微结构观察和蛋壳厚度测量,观察研究和分类鉴定工作主要在安徽大学正交偏光显微镜实验室完成。

  • 图2 宣城盆地上白垩统岩性特征及恐龙蛋地层位置

  • Fig.2 Stratigraphic section of Upper Cretaceous with the level of the dinosaur eggs in the Xuancheng Basin

  • 3 系统古生物学

  • 长形蛋科Elongatoolithidae Zhao,1975

  • 长形蛋属Elongatoolithus Zhao,1975

  • 安氏长形蛋Elongatoolithus andrewsi Zhao,1975(图3,图4)

  • 产地与层位:安徽宣城市宣州区青弋江南大道附近,上白垩统宣南组。

  • 描述:化石材料为单枚蛋化石和大量蛋化石碎片。蛋化石碎片外表面壳饰呈脊状。蛋化石呈长形,外表面壳饰明显,呈多个小瘤连接成的链条状纹饰(图3a)。零散蛋壳碎片壳饰呈脊状纹饰(图3b)。蛋化石长径大于100 mm,短径70 mm,蛋壳厚度1.10~1.80 mm,蛋化石内部填充棕红色砂岩。

  • 蛋壳径切面显微结构显示:蛋壳单元由完整的下部锥体层和上部柱状层组成,锥体层与柱状层之间分界线不太明显,但基本呈直线(图4a、b)。柱状层由致密的壳单元组成,厚度相对较大,蛋壳不同位置厚度差异较大,约为0.94~1.39 mm,发育波浪状平行的生长纹,与外表面形态一致;锥体层由排列紧密的长柱状锥体组成,锥体厚度约0.31~0.52 mm,单个锥体宽度约0.03~0.08 mm,锥体层与柱状层厚度比例为1∶4~1∶3。蛋壳中气孔道较少,呈直线形,从锥体层延伸到柱状层,与内表面垂直,气孔高度约1.3 mm,宽度约0.03~0.12 mm,内部填充次生方解石。蛋壳外表面同样覆盖有一层次生方解石。

  • 对比与讨论:长形蛋科(Elongatoolithidae)的蛋化石长径为100~210 mm,赤道直径为50~90 mm,形状指数约为50,呈长形,蛋壳外表面具小瘤状或脊状纹饰,蛋壳径切面由排列紧密的锥体层和柱状层组成,且柱状层中生长纹与蛋壳外表面平行(赵资奎,1975; 张玉光和李奎,1998)。本次发掘的恐龙蛋与长形蛋科特征相符,应归于长形蛋科(Elongatoolithidae)。目前,长形蛋科(Elongatoolithidae)在国内外已知蛋属包括6种(赵资奎等,2015),分别是长形蛋属(Elongatoolithus)(杨钟健,19541965; 赵资奎,1975; Kohei Tanaka et al.,2011; 赵资奎等,2014; Han Fei et al.,2022; 黎敬等,2024)、巨形蛋属(Macroolithus)(赵资奎,1975; 王强等,2009; Kohei Tanaka et al.,2011; 赵资奎等,2015; He Qing et al.,2019a; Han Fei et al.,2022)、南雄蛋属(Nanhsiungoolithus)(赵资奎,1975; 赵资奎等,2015)、黑山蛋属(Heishanoolithus)(赵宏和赵资奎,1999; 赵资奎等,2015)、副长形蛋属(Paraelongatoolithus)(王强等,2013a; 赵资奎等,2015)和波纹蛋属(Undulatoolithus)(Wang Qiang et al.,2013; 赵资奎等,2015)。其中,朱旭峰等(2024)通过EBSD观察研究发现,波纹蛋属(Undulatoolithus)的蛋壳显微结构径切面有一个额外层;副长形蛋属(Paraelongatoolithus)蛋壳结构出现了柱状层消光和针状乳突等特征,且外表面保存了网状纹饰,均与长形蛋科的特征不同。因此,上述两属不再归属于长形蛋科。目前长形蛋科仅包括长形蛋属(Elongatoolithus)、巨形蛋属(Macroolithus)、南雄蛋属(Nanhsiungoolithus)和黑山蛋属(Heishanoolithus)4个属(表1)。

  • 图3 宣城盆地新发现的恐龙蛋化石:(a)单个恐龙蛋化石钝端;(b)链条状和脊状蛋壳纹饰;(c)岩层中原地保存的蛋壳碎片;(d)蛋壳的印模化石;(e)野外保存的大量恐龙蛋碎片,红色箭头指示恐龙蛋碎片

  • Fig.3 Newly discovered dinosaur eggs in Xuancheng Basin: (a) blunt end of the single dinosaur egg; (b) the chain and ridge ornamentations on the eggshell; (c) the preserved eggshell fragments in situ in the strata; (d) fossilized impression of an eggshell; (e) a large number of eggshells preserved in the field, the red arrows point to dinosaur eggshells

  • 巨形蛋属(Macroolithus)柱状层和锥体层之间存在明显分界线,与宣城盆地恐龙蛋特征明显不同。南雄蛋属(Nanhsiungoolithus)的蛋壳厚度为0.60~1.30 mm,平均值为0.95 mm,比宣城恐龙蛋蛋壳厚度(1.10~1.80 mm,平均值为1.45 mm)小;且南雄蛋属的气孔道形状不规则,一般呈裂隙形,有的呈三角形或多三角形(赵资奎,1975; 赵资奎等,2015),与宣城盆地恐龙蛋壳近直立的气孔道特征差异明显。黑山蛋属(Heishanoolithus)锥体层和柱状层厚度比例为1∶7,远小于宣城盆地恐龙蛋壳锥体层和柱状层的比例(1∶4~1∶3)。

  • 根据宣城盆地恐龙蛋短径长度(70 mm)、蛋壳厚度(1.10~1.80 mm)、外表面壳饰(脊状或链条状)、气孔道形态(直线形)、锥体层与柱状层之间的明显界线和厚度比例(1∶4~1∶3)等特征,宣城盆地上白垩统宣南组新发现的恐龙蛋化石与长形蛋科长形蛋属(Elongatoolithus)特征更为相近,应归于长形蛋属(Elongatoolithus)。目前,国内长形蛋属(Elongatoolithus)已明确分类的种有3个,分别是长形长形蛋(Elongatoolithus elongatus)、安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)和大长形蛋(Elongatoolithus magnus)。长形长形蛋(Elongatoolithus elongatus)的短径为58~61 mm、蛋壳厚度为0.5~1.0 mm,均比宣城盆地恐龙蛋的短径(70 mm)和蛋壳厚度(1.10~1.80 mm)小;其蛋壳厚度与锥体层厚度之比大约为6∶1,大于宣城盆地恐龙蛋蛋壳厚度和锥体层厚度之比(4∶1~5∶1)。大长形蛋(Elongatoolithus magnus)蛋壳厚度和锥体层厚度分别为0.68~0.90 mm和0.11~0.17 mm,明显小于宣城盆地恐龙蛋蛋壳厚度(1.10~1.80 mm)和锥体层厚度(约0.31~0.52 mm);两者厚度之比为7∶1,也与宣城盆地恐龙蛋不符。安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)蛋壳锥体层和柱状层的厚度比列为1∶3,与宣城盆地恐龙蛋锥体层和柱状层的厚度比例1∶4~1∶3基本相符,但安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)蛋壳厚度为1.10~1.50 mm,锥体层平均厚度为0.3 mm,而宣城盆地恐龙蛋蛋壳厚度为1.10~1.80 mm,锥体层厚度约为0.31~0.52 mm,蛋壳最大厚度和锥体层厚度稍高于安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)。因化石保存的环境差异,大多数蛋种的蛋壳厚度都会存在一个变异范围,蛋壳也会出现变厚的情况(赵资奎等,1991)。所以,我们认为宣城盆地新发现的恐龙蛋与安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)特征基本一致,应该归入该属。

  • 图4 宣城盆地恐龙蛋化石显微结构特征

  • Fig.4 Eggshell microstructures of Elongatoolithus andrewsi in the Xuancheng Basin

  • (a)(b)显示不同蛋壳径切面,虚线框指示气孔道,横线显示柱状层和锥体层之间的分界线;(c)锥体层放大示意图

  • (a)and (b)show different radial sections. Dotted line indicates pore canals while white horizontal line indicates the boundary between the columnar layer and the cone layer; (c) the enlarged view of the cone layer

  • 表1 长形蛋科各蛋属特征对比表

  • Table1 Characteristics of different oogenera in Elongatoolithidae

  • 注:“-”代表没有相关数据。

  • 4 结论

  • (1)安徽省宣城市宣州区青弋江南大道旁发现的恐龙蛋化石为宣城盆地的首次恐龙蛋化石分类学描述,根据蛋化石宏观形态和微观结构特征,宣城盆地恐龙蛋应归属于长形蛋科长形蛋属安氏长形蛋(Elongatoolithus andrewsi)。

  • (2)宣城盆地新发现的长形蛋化石主要保存于上白垩统宣南组K—T界线附近,其属种的准确鉴定和地球化学研究可以为K—T界线恐龙灭绝提供重要的基础资料,目前古生物系统学研究已初步完成,相关的地球化学信息还有待进一步工作。

  • 致谢:感谢巢湖学院戴清华老师提供的野外化石地点。

  • 参考文献

    • 安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队. 1988. 安徽地层志·白垩系分册. 合肥: 安徽科学技术出版社: 16~20.

    • 陈烈祖, 夏广胜. 1985. 安徽沿江和皖南地区白垩纪地层. 地层学杂志, 9(4): 307~313.

    • 陈忠良, 何情, 张蜀康, 程小青. 2022. 安徽省潜山盆地发现恐龙蛋化石. 中国地质, 49(4): 1346~1347.

    • 勾韵娴, 曹美珍, 叶春辉. 1978. 皖南侏罗—白垩纪介形类. 古生物学报, 17(1): 45~70+110~115.

    • 黄建东, 王强, 胡远超, 任鑫鑫, 汪筱林. 2017. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋新类型. 科学通报, 62(23): 2660~2665.

    • 姜琴, 何情, 郑刘根, 胡毅. 2017. 安徽齐云山晚白垩世恐龙蛋矿物和元素组成及古环境分析. 岩矿测试, 36(4): 340~349.

    • 李昌文. 1998. 安徽贵池地区晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石的发现. 地层学杂志, 22(1): 59~61.

    • 李海滨, 贾东, 武龙, 张勇. 2011. 下扬子地区中—新生代的挤压变形与伸展改造及其油气勘探意义. 岩石学报, 27(3): 770~778.

    • 李曼英. 2005. 安徽宣州晚白垩世和古近纪孢粉组合. 微体古生物学报, 22(1): 59~77.

    • 黎敬, 时国, 楼法生, 杨玲, 许梦园, 于娟. 2024. 江西省赣州市章贡区晚白垩世莲荷组恐龙蛋化石显微镜结构及古环境意义. 现代地质, doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8527. 2024. 104.

    • 邱占祥, 李传夔, 黄学诗, 汤英俊, 徐钦琦, 阎德发, 张宏. 1977. 安徽含哺乳动物化石的古新统. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.

    • 汤英俊, 阎德发. 1976. 安徽潜山、宣城古新世哺乳动物化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.

    • 王德恩, 余心起, 江功炳. 1995. 皖南休宁县发现恐龙蛋化石. 安徽地质, (4): 60.

    • 王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 张蜀康. 2009. 巨型长形蛋的研究. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十次全国会员代表大会暨第25届学术年会——纪念中国古生物学会成立80周年论文摘要集: 218.

    • 王强, 汪筱林, 赵资奎, 蒋严根. 2010a. 浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组长形蛋科一新蛋属. 古脊椎动物学报, 48(2): 111~118.

    • 王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 蒋严根, 张蜀康. 2010b. 浙江天台晚白垩世巨型长形蛋科一新属及巨型长形蛋科的分类订正. 古生物学报, 49(1): 73~86.

    • 王强, 黄建东, 汪筱林, 李宁, 胡远超. 2013. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石新类型. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十一次全国会员代表大会暨第27届学术年会文集: 191.

    • 吴浩, 姚素平, 焦堃, 胡文瑄, 尹宏伟, 贾东. 2013. 下扬子区上二叠统龙潭组页岩气勘探前景. 煤炭学报, 38(5): 870~876.

    • 杨钟健. 1954. 山东莱阳蛋化石. 古生物学报, 2(4): 371~388.

    • 杨钟健. 1965. 广东南雄、始兴, 江西赣州的蛋化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.

    • 余心起. 1998. 皖南恐龙类化石特征及其地层划分意义. 中国区域地质, 17(3): 55~61.

    • 张玉光, 李奎. 1998. 中国恐龙蛋化石及其生态地层浅析. 岩相古地理, 18(2): 32~38.

    • 赵宏, 赵资奎. 1999. 辽宁黑山恐龙蛋——长形蛋类新分子的发现及其意义. 古脊椎动物学报, 37(4): 278~284+342.

    • 赵资奎. 1975. 广东南雄恐龙蛋化石的显微结构(一)——兼论恐龙蛋化石的分类问题. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.

    • 赵资奎, 叶捷, 李华梅, 赵振华, 严正. 1991. 广东省南雄盆地白垩系—第三系交界恐龙绝灭问题. 古脊椎动物学报, 29(1): 1~12.

    • 赵资奎, 王强, 张蜀康. 2015. 中国古脊椎动物志第二卷第七册—恐龙蛋类. 北京: 科学出版社: 1~172.

    • Chen Liezu, Xia Guangsheng. 1985#. Cretaceous strata along the Yangtze River and southern Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 9(4): 307~313.

    • Chen Zhongliang, He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Cheng Xiaoqing. 2022&. The first record of dinosaur eggs from the Qianshan Basin of Anhui Province, China. Geology in China, 49(4): 1345~1347.

    • Gou Yunxian, Cao Meizhen, Ye Chunhui. 1978&. Jurassic—Cretaceous ostracods from southern Anhui. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 17(1): 43~64+110~115.

    • Han Fei, Wang Qiang, Wang Huapei, Zhu Xufeng, Zhou Xinying, Wang Zhixiang, Fang Kaiyong, Thomas A S, Wang Wei, Wang Xiaoling, Li Xiaoqiang, Qin Huafeng, Fan Longgang, Wen Chen, Luo Jianhong, Pan Yongxin, Deng Chenglong. 2022. Low dinosaur biodiversity in central China 2 million years prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Untied States of America, 119(39): 1~11.

    • He Qing, Jiang Qin, Xing Lida, Zhang Shukang, Pan Wenjing, Hu Hui, Lu Shuo, Yin Qifeng. 2019a. Geochemical characteristics of newly discovered Elongatoolithidae eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Jiangxi Province, southern China: Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic inferences. Cretaceous Research, 99: 352~364.

    • He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Xing Lida, Jiang Qin, Wang Xiaoli, Pan Zhenghua, Hu Yi. 2019b. A new oospecies of Similifaveoloolithidae from the Xiuning Basin, Late Cretaceous of Anhui, China. Historical Biology, 31(2): 168~176.

    • He Qing, Chen Zhongliang, Zhang Shukang, Gui Zewen, Chen Yating. 2022a. A new oospecies of Shixingoolithus (Shixingoolithus qianshanensis oosp. nov. ) from the Qianshan Basin, Anhui Province, East China. Journal of Paleogeography in English, 11 (4): 629~639.

    • He Qing, Gui Zewen, Mao Lei, Huang Jiandong, Xing Lida, Chen Yating, Zhang Wenyuan. 2022b. Element and isotope compositions of newly discovered dinosaur eggs and geochemical environmental instructions from the early Late Cretaceous of Xiuning Basin, China. Historical Biology, 34(5): 865~874.

    • Huang Jiandong, Wang Qiang, Hu Yuanchao, Ren Xinxin, Wang Xiaolin. 2017#. New oospecies of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Southern Anhui. Chin. Sci. Bull. , 62(23): 2660~2665.

    • Jiang Qin, He Qing, Zheng Liugen, Hu Yi. 2017&. Mineral and elemental composition of Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Qiyunshan area, Anhui Province and its implication palaeoenvironmental analysis. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 36(4): 340~349.

    • Kohei Tanaka, Lü Junchang, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Darla K Z, Xu Li, Jia Songhai, Qin Shuang, Tang Minan. 2011. Description and phylogenetic position of Dinosaur eggshells from the Luanchuan area of western Henan Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica(English edition), 85(1): 66~74.

    • Li Changwei. 1998&. Discovery of the Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Guichi area, Anhui. Journal of stratigraphy, 22(1): 59~61.

    • Li Haibin, Jia Dong, Wu Long, Zhang Yong. 2011&. The Mesozoic—Cenozoic compressional defomation, extensional modification and their significance for hydrocarbon exploration in Lower Yangtze region. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 27(3): 770~778.

    • Li Jing, Shi Guo, Lou Fasheng, Yang Ling, Xu Mengyuan, Yu Juan. 2024&. Microstructure and paleoenvironmental significance of dinosaur egg fossils from the Late Cretaceous Lianhe Formation in Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. Geoscience; doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8537. 2024. 104.

    • Li Manying. 2005&. The Late Cretaceous and Paleogene palynological assemblages from Xuanzhou, Anhui Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 22(1): 59~77.

    • Lu Sanming, Lan Xueyi, Zhao Lili, Zhang Zanzan , Yang Xiaoyong, Zhao Zhuang, Guo Dong, Xu Xiaochun, Wang Yongsheng, Li Jianshe, Qi Huasheng. 2022. A 3D Investigation of Geological Structure and Its Relationship to Mineralization in the Nanling—Xuancheng Ore District, Middle—Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, China. Journal of Earth Science, 33(3): 664~680.

    • Qiu Zhanxiang, Li Chuankui, Huang Xueshi, Xu Qinqi, Yan Defa, Zhang Hong. 1977#. Continental Paleocene stratigraphy of Qianshan and Xuancheng Basins. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.

    • Regional Geological Investigation Team of Anhui Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. 1988#. Stratigraphic Records of Anhui, Cretaceous Fascicle. Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Publishing house: 1~127.

    • Tang Yingjun, Yan Defa. 1976#. Note on some mammalian fossils from the Paleocene of Qianshan and Xuancheng, Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.

    • Wang Deen, Yu Xinqi, Jiang Gongbing. 1995#. Dinosaur eggs from Xiuning County of South Anhui. Geology of Anhui, 5(4): 60.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Zhang Shukang. 2009#. Research on the Oogenus Macroelongatoolithus. Nanjing: Palaeontological Society of China. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 25th Annual Conference of PSC: 218.

    • Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin, Zhao Zikui, Jiang Yangen. 2010a&. A new oogenus of Elongatoolithidae from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(2): 111~118.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Jiang Yangen, Zhang Shukang. 2010b&. A new oogenus of macroelongatoolithid eggs from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of the Tiantai basin, Zhejiang Province and a revision of the macroelongatoolithids. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 49(1): 73~86.

    • Wang Qiang, Huang Jiandong, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Hu Yuanchao. 2013#. The new type of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of South Anhui. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 27th Annual Conference of PSC: 191.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Zou Songlin. 2013. A new form of Elongatoolithidae, Undulatoolithus pengi oogen. et oosp. nov. from Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China. Zootaxa, 3746(1): 194~200.

    • Wu Hao, Yao Suping, Jiao Kun, Hu Wenxuan, Yi Hongwei, Jia Dong. 2013&. Shale-gas exploration prospect of Longtan Formation in the Lower Yangtze area of China. Journal of China Coal Society, 38(5): 870~876.

    • Young Chungchien. 1954#. Fossil reptilian eggs from Laiyang, Shantung, China. Scientia Sinica, 2(4): 371~388.

    • Young Chungchien. 1965#. Fossil eggs from Nanhsiung, Kwangtung and Kanchou, Kiangsi. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.

    • Yu Xinqi. 1998&. Characteristics of dinosaur fossils from southern Anhui and their significance for stratigraphic division. Regional Geology of China, 17(3): 55~61.

    • Zhang Xu, Gui Herong, Wu Linqiang, Sun Yankun, Hong Dajun, Yang Zhicheng, Zhang Kai, Huang Suhe, Liu Hong, Xiao Wanfeng, Chen Kefu, Zhang Hui. 2023. Characterizing pore size distribution of high maturity shales and main controlling factors analysis: A case study of Permian Gufeng Formation in the Lower Yangtze region, China. Geological Journal, 58(12): 4533~4546.

    • Zhang Yuguang, Li Kui. 1998&. The dinosaur egg fossils in China and their ecostratigraphy. Facies Palaeogeogr, 18(2): 32~38.

    • Zhao Hong, Zhao Zikui. 1999&. A new form of Elongatoolithid dinosaur eggs from the Lower Cretaceous Shahal Formation of Heishan, Liaoning Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 37(4): 278~284+342.

    • Zhao Zikui. 1975#. The microstructure of dinosaurian eggshells of Nanhsiung Basin, Guangdong Province——On the classification of dinosaur eggs. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.

    • Zhao Zikui, Ye Jie, Li Huamei, Zhao Zhenhua, Yan Zheng. 1991#. Extinction of dinosaur at Cretaceous—Paleogene boundary in Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 29(1): 1~20.

    • Zhao Zikui, Wang Qiang, Zhang Shukang. 2015#. Palaeovertebrata Sinica, Vol. Ⅱ: Amphibians Reptilians, and Avians, Fasicle 7 Dinosaur Eggs. Beijing: Science Press: 1~172.

    • Zhu Xufeng, Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin. 2024. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study of elongatoolithid eggs from China with microstructural and parataxonomic implications. Paleobiology, 50(2): 330~345.

  • 参考文献

    • 安徽省地质矿产局区域地质调查队. 1988. 安徽地层志·白垩系分册. 合肥: 安徽科学技术出版社: 16~20.

    • 陈烈祖, 夏广胜. 1985. 安徽沿江和皖南地区白垩纪地层. 地层学杂志, 9(4): 307~313.

    • 陈忠良, 何情, 张蜀康, 程小青. 2022. 安徽省潜山盆地发现恐龙蛋化石. 中国地质, 49(4): 1346~1347.

    • 勾韵娴, 曹美珍, 叶春辉. 1978. 皖南侏罗—白垩纪介形类. 古生物学报, 17(1): 45~70+110~115.

    • 黄建东, 王强, 胡远超, 任鑫鑫, 汪筱林. 2017. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋新类型. 科学通报, 62(23): 2660~2665.

    • 姜琴, 何情, 郑刘根, 胡毅. 2017. 安徽齐云山晚白垩世恐龙蛋矿物和元素组成及古环境分析. 岩矿测试, 36(4): 340~349.

    • 李昌文. 1998. 安徽贵池地区晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石的发现. 地层学杂志, 22(1): 59~61.

    • 李海滨, 贾东, 武龙, 张勇. 2011. 下扬子地区中—新生代的挤压变形与伸展改造及其油气勘探意义. 岩石学报, 27(3): 770~778.

    • 李曼英. 2005. 安徽宣州晚白垩世和古近纪孢粉组合. 微体古生物学报, 22(1): 59~77.

    • 黎敬, 时国, 楼法生, 杨玲, 许梦园, 于娟. 2024. 江西省赣州市章贡区晚白垩世莲荷组恐龙蛋化石显微镜结构及古环境意义. 现代地质, doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8527. 2024. 104.

    • 邱占祥, 李传夔, 黄学诗, 汤英俊, 徐钦琦, 阎德发, 张宏. 1977. 安徽含哺乳动物化石的古新统. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.

    • 汤英俊, 阎德发. 1976. 安徽潜山、宣城古新世哺乳动物化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.

    • 王德恩, 余心起, 江功炳. 1995. 皖南休宁县发现恐龙蛋化石. 安徽地质, (4): 60.

    • 王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 张蜀康. 2009. 巨型长形蛋的研究. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十次全国会员代表大会暨第25届学术年会——纪念中国古生物学会成立80周年论文摘要集: 218.

    • 王强, 汪筱林, 赵资奎, 蒋严根. 2010a. 浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组长形蛋科一新蛋属. 古脊椎动物学报, 48(2): 111~118.

    • 王强, 赵资奎, 汪筱林, 蒋严根, 张蜀康. 2010b. 浙江天台晚白垩世巨型长形蛋科一新属及巨型长形蛋科的分类订正. 古生物学报, 49(1): 73~86.

    • 王强, 黄建东, 汪筱林, 李宁, 胡远超. 2013. 皖南晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石新类型. 见: 中国古生物学会. 编. 中国古生物学会第十一次全国会员代表大会暨第27届学术年会文集: 191.

    • 吴浩, 姚素平, 焦堃, 胡文瑄, 尹宏伟, 贾东. 2013. 下扬子区上二叠统龙潭组页岩气勘探前景. 煤炭学报, 38(5): 870~876.

    • 杨钟健. 1954. 山东莱阳蛋化石. 古生物学报, 2(4): 371~388.

    • 杨钟健. 1965. 广东南雄、始兴, 江西赣州的蛋化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.

    • 余心起. 1998. 皖南恐龙类化石特征及其地层划分意义. 中国区域地质, 17(3): 55~61.

    • 张玉光, 李奎. 1998. 中国恐龙蛋化石及其生态地层浅析. 岩相古地理, 18(2): 32~38.

    • 赵宏, 赵资奎. 1999. 辽宁黑山恐龙蛋——长形蛋类新分子的发现及其意义. 古脊椎动物学报, 37(4): 278~284+342.

    • 赵资奎. 1975. 广东南雄恐龙蛋化石的显微结构(一)——兼论恐龙蛋化石的分类问题. 古脊椎动物与古人类, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.

    • 赵资奎, 叶捷, 李华梅, 赵振华, 严正. 1991. 广东省南雄盆地白垩系—第三系交界恐龙绝灭问题. 古脊椎动物学报, 29(1): 1~12.

    • 赵资奎, 王强, 张蜀康. 2015. 中国古脊椎动物志第二卷第七册—恐龙蛋类. 北京: 科学出版社: 1~172.

    • Chen Liezu, Xia Guangsheng. 1985#. Cretaceous strata along the Yangtze River and southern Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 9(4): 307~313.

    • Chen Zhongliang, He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Cheng Xiaoqing. 2022&. The first record of dinosaur eggs from the Qianshan Basin of Anhui Province, China. Geology in China, 49(4): 1345~1347.

    • Gou Yunxian, Cao Meizhen, Ye Chunhui. 1978&. Jurassic—Cretaceous ostracods from southern Anhui. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 17(1): 43~64+110~115.

    • Han Fei, Wang Qiang, Wang Huapei, Zhu Xufeng, Zhou Xinying, Wang Zhixiang, Fang Kaiyong, Thomas A S, Wang Wei, Wang Xiaoling, Li Xiaoqiang, Qin Huafeng, Fan Longgang, Wen Chen, Luo Jianhong, Pan Yongxin, Deng Chenglong. 2022. Low dinosaur biodiversity in central China 2 million years prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Untied States of America, 119(39): 1~11.

    • He Qing, Jiang Qin, Xing Lida, Zhang Shukang, Pan Wenjing, Hu Hui, Lu Shuo, Yin Qifeng. 2019a. Geochemical characteristics of newly discovered Elongatoolithidae eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Jiangxi Province, southern China: Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic inferences. Cretaceous Research, 99: 352~364.

    • He Qing, Zhang Shukang, Xing Lida, Jiang Qin, Wang Xiaoli, Pan Zhenghua, Hu Yi. 2019b. A new oospecies of Similifaveoloolithidae from the Xiuning Basin, Late Cretaceous of Anhui, China. Historical Biology, 31(2): 168~176.

    • He Qing, Chen Zhongliang, Zhang Shukang, Gui Zewen, Chen Yating. 2022a. A new oospecies of Shixingoolithus (Shixingoolithus qianshanensis oosp. nov. ) from the Qianshan Basin, Anhui Province, East China. Journal of Paleogeography in English, 11 (4): 629~639.

    • He Qing, Gui Zewen, Mao Lei, Huang Jiandong, Xing Lida, Chen Yating, Zhang Wenyuan. 2022b. Element and isotope compositions of newly discovered dinosaur eggs and geochemical environmental instructions from the early Late Cretaceous of Xiuning Basin, China. Historical Biology, 34(5): 865~874.

    • Huang Jiandong, Wang Qiang, Hu Yuanchao, Ren Xinxin, Wang Xiaolin. 2017#. New oospecies of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Southern Anhui. Chin. Sci. Bull. , 62(23): 2660~2665.

    • Jiang Qin, He Qing, Zheng Liugen, Hu Yi. 2017&. Mineral and elemental composition of Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Qiyunshan area, Anhui Province and its implication palaeoenvironmental analysis. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 36(4): 340~349.

    • Kohei Tanaka, Lü Junchang, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Darla K Z, Xu Li, Jia Songhai, Qin Shuang, Tang Minan. 2011. Description and phylogenetic position of Dinosaur eggshells from the Luanchuan area of western Henan Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica(English edition), 85(1): 66~74.

    • Li Changwei. 1998&. Discovery of the Late Cretaceous Dinosaur eggs in Guichi area, Anhui. Journal of stratigraphy, 22(1): 59~61.

    • Li Haibin, Jia Dong, Wu Long, Zhang Yong. 2011&. The Mesozoic—Cenozoic compressional defomation, extensional modification and their significance for hydrocarbon exploration in Lower Yangtze region. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 27(3): 770~778.

    • Li Jing, Shi Guo, Lou Fasheng, Yang Ling, Xu Mengyuan, Yu Juan. 2024&. Microstructure and paleoenvironmental significance of dinosaur egg fossils from the Late Cretaceous Lianhe Formation in Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. Geoscience; doi: 10. 19657/j. geoscience. 1000-8537. 2024. 104.

    • Li Manying. 2005&. The Late Cretaceous and Paleogene palynological assemblages from Xuanzhou, Anhui Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 22(1): 59~77.

    • Lu Sanming, Lan Xueyi, Zhao Lili, Zhang Zanzan , Yang Xiaoyong, Zhao Zhuang, Guo Dong, Xu Xiaochun, Wang Yongsheng, Li Jianshe, Qi Huasheng. 2022. A 3D Investigation of Geological Structure and Its Relationship to Mineralization in the Nanling—Xuancheng Ore District, Middle—Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, China. Journal of Earth Science, 33(3): 664~680.

    • Qiu Zhanxiang, Li Chuankui, Huang Xueshi, Xu Qinqi, Yan Defa, Zhang Hong. 1977#. Continental Paleocene stratigraphy of Qianshan and Xuancheng Basins. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 15(2): 85~93+174~175.

    • Regional Geological Investigation Team of Anhui Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. 1988#. Stratigraphic Records of Anhui, Cretaceous Fascicle. Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Publishing house: 1~127.

    • Tang Yingjun, Yan Defa. 1976#. Note on some mammalian fossils from the Paleocene of Qianshan and Xuancheng, Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 14(2): 91~99+136~137.

    • Wang Deen, Yu Xinqi, Jiang Gongbing. 1995#. Dinosaur eggs from Xiuning County of South Anhui. Geology of Anhui, 5(4): 60.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Zhang Shukang. 2009#. Research on the Oogenus Macroelongatoolithus. Nanjing: Palaeontological Society of China. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 25th Annual Conference of PSC: 218.

    • Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin, Zhao Zikui, Jiang Yangen. 2010a&. A new oogenus of Elongatoolithidae from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(2): 111~118.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Jiang Yangen, Zhang Shukang. 2010b&. A new oogenus of macroelongatoolithid eggs from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of the Tiantai basin, Zhejiang Province and a revision of the macroelongatoolithids. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 49(1): 73~86.

    • Wang Qiang, Huang Jiandong, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Hu Yuanchao. 2013#. The new type of dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of South Anhui. In: The Palaeontological Society of China. ed. The Proceeding of the 11th National Congress of the Palaeontological Society of China (PSC) and the 27th Annual Conference of PSC: 191.

    • Wang Qiang, Zhao Zikui, Wang Xiaolin, Li Ning, Zou Songlin. 2013. A new form of Elongatoolithidae, Undulatoolithus pengi oogen. et oosp. nov. from Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China. Zootaxa, 3746(1): 194~200.

    • Wu Hao, Yao Suping, Jiao Kun, Hu Wenxuan, Yi Hongwei, Jia Dong. 2013&. Shale-gas exploration prospect of Longtan Formation in the Lower Yangtze area of China. Journal of China Coal Society, 38(5): 870~876.

    • Young Chungchien. 1954#. Fossil reptilian eggs from Laiyang, Shantung, China. Scientia Sinica, 2(4): 371~388.

    • Young Chungchien. 1965#. Fossil eggs from Nanhsiung, Kwangtung and Kanchou, Kiangsi. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 9(2): 141~159+171~189.

    • Yu Xinqi. 1998&. Characteristics of dinosaur fossils from southern Anhui and their significance for stratigraphic division. Regional Geology of China, 17(3): 55~61.

    • Zhang Xu, Gui Herong, Wu Linqiang, Sun Yankun, Hong Dajun, Yang Zhicheng, Zhang Kai, Huang Suhe, Liu Hong, Xiao Wanfeng, Chen Kefu, Zhang Hui. 2023. Characterizing pore size distribution of high maturity shales and main controlling factors analysis: A case study of Permian Gufeng Formation in the Lower Yangtze region, China. Geological Journal, 58(12): 4533~4546.

    • Zhang Yuguang, Li Kui. 1998&. The dinosaur egg fossils in China and their ecostratigraphy. Facies Palaeogeogr, 18(2): 32~38.

    • Zhao Hong, Zhao Zikui. 1999&. A new form of Elongatoolithid dinosaur eggs from the Lower Cretaceous Shahal Formation of Heishan, Liaoning Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 37(4): 278~284+342.

    • Zhao Zikui. 1975#. The microstructure of dinosaurian eggshells of Nanhsiung Basin, Guangdong Province——On the classification of dinosaur eggs. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 13(2): 105~117+143~145.

    • Zhao Zikui, Ye Jie, Li Huamei, Zhao Zhenhua, Yan Zheng. 1991#. Extinction of dinosaur at Cretaceous—Paleogene boundary in Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 29(1): 1~20.

    • Zhao Zikui, Wang Qiang, Zhang Shukang. 2015#. Palaeovertebrata Sinica, Vol. Ⅱ: Amphibians Reptilians, and Avians, Fasicle 7 Dinosaur Eggs. Beijing: Science Press: 1~172.

    • Zhu Xufeng, Wang Qiang, Wang Xiaolin. 2024. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study of elongatoolithid eggs from China with microstructural and parataxonomic implications. Paleobiology, 50(2): 330~345.