Abstract:Based on principles of physics, by analyzing the formation and evolution of the initial Sun and Earth, the following insights have been derived as follows. (1) Around 4.7 Ga ago, hydrogen nuclei fused under high temperature and pressure, releasing immense energy, including thermal, light, and kinetic energy, leading to the formation of the star and the Sun. Between 4.6 and 4.2 Ga ago, nuclear fusion caused the Sun to undergo four flares, emitting highly energetic nuclear fission material into space. (2) The second flare from the Sun ejected materials that rapidly spun and entered the orbit of the primordial Earth, revolving around the original Sun, marking the first stage of Earth’s evolution, known as the cloud flight phase. Subsequently, Earth’s evolution progressed through several stages: accretion expansion phase, differentiation phase, continental nucleus formation phase, and the formation of primitive life phase. (3) During the accretion process and under the influence of gravity, the primordial Earth absorbed meteorites, ice clusters, and comet material, causing it to expand. Additionally, collisions, melting, and degassing occurred, further warming the primordial Earth. The process of matter aggregating towards the Earth’s core intensified particle collisions within the core, triggering nuclear decay, which accelerated internal warming of the primordial Earth, accumulating vast amounts of energy. Between 4.5 and 4.2 Ga ago, Earth was covered with molten lava, forming extensive magma oceans. (4) After 4.2 Ga, the Sun no longer experienced intense flares, leading to a calm and cooling space around the Earth. Over time, Earth gradually cooled and stabilized. This cooling caused molten material to solidify and to crystallize, transforming the magma- covered Earth into a multi- layered structure with a core, mantle, lithosphere, and crust. (5) As temperatures dropped and molecular kinetic energy decreased, water vapor, CO2, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other gases accumulated in Earth’s outer layers, eventually forming an atmosphere with a water cycle. Water vapor forms clouds, which cooled to create water droplets and precipitation. Around 4.1 Ga ago, oceanic processes began, quickly forming Earth’s hydrosphere. (6) During the transition from magma spheres to water- covered spheres, lava continued to flow underground. Lighter elements usually have lower melting points and crystallize first into rock- forming minerals as they cooled. Meanwhile, volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor created volcanic islands of rocks. By about 4 Ga ago, these rocks had coalesced into sizable blocks, forming the earliest continental nuclei. Due to the low thermal conductivity of continental lithosphere, it slowed the dissipation of Earth’s internal heat. Between 4 and 3.8 Ga ago, the continental nuclei grew rapidly, forming larger landmasses. (7) Comparing the early evolutionary processes of Mars and Earth shows that due to Mars being smaller and farther from the Sun, it generated and accumulated less energy during the accretion phase. Additionally, after accumulating some energy during its chaotic phase, Mars did not develop self- organizing mechanisms to preserve its internal energy. Therefore, Mars began to age quite early, say around 3 Ga ago. In contrast, Earth has developed self- organizing mechanisms for internal material circulation over the past 3.8 Ga, keeping the Earth system in an optimized stage of stable cohesion and balance development. Currently, there are no signs of aging on the Earth.