矿山生态修复技术及模式的研究和应用
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本文为2024年度河南省地质研究院地质科技攻关项目(编号:2024- 909- XM04、2024- 909- XM13)资助和息县濮公山废弃采石场矿山地质环境恢复治理项目(编号:豫财建\[2014\]127号)和全国重要地质遗迹资源立典调查评价项目(编号:DD20243476)的成果


Research and application of mine ecological restoration technologies and models
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    摘要:

    针对矿山生态修复中普遍存在的技术单一、地质支撑不足、忽视地质条件差异及文化融合缺失等问题,笔者等以河南息县濮公山废弃矿山为对象,旨在探索一种融合生态恢复、文化传承与经济可持续发展的综合治理模式。项目创新性地从地质角度切入,系统构建了包含地质景观重建、土地重建防固、土地基质改良、水资源重建等地质修复技术,结合植被生态修复、景观生态养护等自然修复技术,并融入文化元素与旅游空间开发技术的综合性修复体系,形成“地质+自然+文化+旅游”四位一体的4.0生态修复模式。实施结果表明,该模式成功恢复了矿山生态环境,有效解决了地质安全隐患,同时打造了特色文化景观并实现了旅游产业开发,形成了生态、文化、旅游功能的三位一体融合。其核心价值在于不仅消除了环境问题,更创造了持久性的经济收益,有力推动了区域可持续发展。该模式为国内同类废弃矿山的系统性、多功能生态修复提供了可复制、可推广的成功经验和示范案例,具有重要的生态、经济和社会综合效益。

    Abstract:

    To address the prevalent issues in mine ecological restoration, such as monotonous techniques, insufficient geological foundation, neglect of geological condition differences, and a gap in cultural integration, this study focuses on the abandoned mine at Pugongshan in Xixian County, Henan. It aims to explore an integrated approach that combines ecological restoration, cultural preservation, and sustainable economic development.Methods: The project innovatively adopts a geological perspective, systematically constructing a comprehensive restoration system. This system integrates geological restoration technologies (including geological landscape reconstruction, land reconstruction and stabilization, land substrate improvement, and water resource reconstruction) with natural restoration techniques (such as vegetation ecological restoration and landscape ecological maintenance). It further incorporates cultural elements and tourism space development techniques, forming a "geology + nature + culture + tourism" four- in- one integrated 4.0 ecological restoration model.Results:The implementation results demonstrate that this model successfully restored the mine's ecological environment, effectively resolved geological safety hazards, while simultaneously creating distinctive cultural landscapes and realizing tourism industry development. It formed a three- in- one integration of ecological, cultural, and tourism functions. Its core value lies not only in eliminating environmental problems but also in creating long- term economic benefits, powerfully promoting regional sustainable development.Conclusion: This model provides replicable and scalable successful experience and a demonstration case for systematic, multifunctional ecological restoration of similar abandoned mines domestically, delivering significant comprehensive ecological, economic, and social benefits.

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任利平,许连峰,杜开元,李瑞强,史琳,王海勇,王子凡,马育恒,刘琳珂.2025.矿山生态修复技术及模式的研究和应用[J].地质论评,71(4):2025040001,[DOI].
REN Liping, XU Lianfeng, DU Kaiyuan, LI Ruiqiang, SHI Lin, WANG Haiyong, WANG Zifan, MA Yuheng, LIU Linke.2025. Research and application of mine ecological restoration technologies and models[J]. Geological Review,71(4):2025040001.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-13
  • 最后修改日期:2025-05-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-19
  • 出版日期: 2025-07-15