北喜马拉雅马拉山二云母花岗岩石英提纯潜及找矿潜力评价【高纯石英专辑】
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1.中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心西南地质科技创新中心 成都;2.昆明理工大学 国土资源工程学院;3.中国地质大学北京地球科学与资源学院;4.中国地质大学武汉资源学院;5.防灾科技学院地质工程学院

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P61;

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Assessment of Quartz Purification Potential and Prospecting Significance of the Two-Mica Granite in Malashan, North Himalaya, Tibetan Plateau, China
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Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey

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    摘要:

    高纯石英是半导体、光伏等战略性新兴产业所需的关键基础材料,目前其高端原料供应存在显著风险。北喜马拉雅带发育有全球规模最大的新生代淡色花岗岩带,被认为具备形成优质白岗岩型高纯石英矿的潜力,但此前缺乏系统的矿物学研究和提纯实验验证。本文以该带马拉山二云母花岗岩中的石英为研究对象,通过精细矿物学表征与系统提纯实验,分析其杂质赋存状态、提纯极限与资源潜力。研究采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和拉曼光谱开展矿物学与包裹体分析,并结合“破碎–浮选–煅烧–水淬–混合酸浸–氯化焙烧”全流程提纯实验,利用ICP-MS对提纯前后石英砂中15种关键杂质元素进行定量分析。结果表明:(1)马拉山石英原生品质良好,流体包裹体含量低,以次生包裹体为主,易于去除;(2)经系统提纯,石英矿物的SiO2纯度从99.8969%提升至99.9942%(4N4级),其中浮选与酸浸有效去除共生长石、云母等矿物包裹体,氯化焙烧则针对性降低了晶格中Li、Na等挥发性杂质含量;(3)最终产品中Al (43.34 ppm)、Ti (8.03 ppm)、Li (1.69 ppm) 等元素为主要残留杂质,以类质同象形式赋存于石英晶格中,难以通过常规工艺进一步脱除。研究认为,马拉山二云母花岗岩中石英具备形成白岗岩型高纯石英矿的矿物学基础;北喜马拉雅带内经历高分异、低流体出溶程度的淡色花岗岩体,是寻找该类型高纯石英资源的有利目标区。

    Abstract:

    High-purity quartz (HPQ) is a critical raw material for strategic emerging industries such as semiconductors and photovoltaics, yet the supply chain for high-grade HPQ remains vulnerable. The North Himalayan belt hosts the world"s most extensive Cenozoic leucogranite belt, considered highly prospective for hosting high-quality white-granite-type HPQ deposits. However, systematic mineralogical studies and purification validation have been lacking. This study investigates quartz from the Malashan two-mica granite within this belt, aiming to characterize its impurity distribution, purification limits, and resource potential through integrated mineralogical analysis and systematic processing experiments. Methodology included mineralogical and fluid inclusion analysis using polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. A comprehensive purification process—comprising crushing, flotation, calcination, water quenching, mixed acid leaching, and chlorination roasting—was applied, with ICP-MS used to quantify 15 key impurity elements before and after purification. Results indicate that: (1) Malashan quartz exhibits favorable inherent quality, with low fluid inclusion abundance dominated by readily removable secondary inclusions; (2) After processing, quartz purity increased from 99.8969% to 99.9942% (4N4 grade). Flotation and acid leaching effectively removed associated mineral inclusions such as feldspar and mica, while chlorination roasting specifically reduced volatile lattice-bound impurities such as Li and Na; (3) The principal residual impurities in the final product were Al (43.34 ppm), Ti (8.03 ppm), and Li (1.69 ppm), occurring as isomorphous substitutions within the quartz lattice and resistant to conventional removal. This study demonstrates that quartz from the Malashan two-mica granite possesses the mineralogical attributes necessary for white-granite-type HPQ formation. Furthermore, highly fractionated, low-fluid-exsolution leucogranites in the North Himalayan belt represent promising targets for large-scale, high-quality HPQ resources..

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  • 收稿日期:2025-11-10
  • 最后修改日期:2025-12-25
  • 录用日期:2026-02-15
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