Numerous copper-polymetallic deposits are distributed in the border region between China and Mongolia. The Shartolgai Cu-Mo deposit, located in Darhan Mumingan United Banner, Inner Mongolia, has undergone multiple exploration campaigns since its discovery, providing preliminary insights into the geological characteristics of the deposit. This study reveals the U-Pb concordant zircon age of malachite-altered granodiorite is 293.0 ± 0.96 Ma, while the unaltered granodiorite is 294.1 ± 0.79 Ma, indicating that the magmatic and metallogenic events occurred during the Early Permian. The granodiorites are characterized by high Al?O? (13.05–15.01 wt%) and Sr (161–582 ppm) contents, and low Y (6.67–18.39 ppm) and Yb (0.78–2.33 ppm) contents, suggesting they are adakitic rocks with arc magmatic characteristics. Furthermore, their εHf(t) values range from +4.5 to +11.3 and +7.5 to +10.6, with TDM2 values of 1028–589 Ma and 831–631 Ma, respectively, indicating that the parent magma originated from partial melting of subducted oceanic crust. Based on regional tectonic studies, the authors propose that the Early Permian granites in the Mandula region were formed in a southward subduction setting of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.