The Battle of Songshan in western Yunnan was an important battle in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and its victory was a significant turning point in Chinese strategic counteroffensive, which played a key role in strengthening the determination and confidence of the military and civilians in the resistance war. From the perspective of war geology, this paper studies the application of geological elements of the Battle of Songshan historical battlefield and their influence on tactical deployment and strategic decision-making. By analyzing the characteristics of the battlefield geological environment in the main battle areas, this paper discusses the impact of the geological conditions of the Songshan Battlefield on the selection of battlefield, fortification construction, tactical movements, and strategic planning. The case studies show that geological factors played a key role in the battle, not only affecting battlefield selection and fortification construction, but also having a profound impact on tactical movements and strategic planning, which provided an empirical basis for the military geological research of the battle of Songshan, and offered new research ideas for the application of geology in modern warfare.