Since the South- to- North Water Diversion Project Central Route was first operated in December, 2014, continuous groundwater recharge makes great contribute to preventing and slowing down the development of land subsidence. However, the influencing factors and the mechanism of land rebound response to the groundwater rise are not yet clear. In- depth exploration and study of the relationship between recharge time, recharge volume, recharge location and water level and land deformation, understanding the mechanism of land deformation, and identifying the primary factors, is of great significance for the follow- up of how to recharge scientifically, maximize the benefits of water recharge, and prevent and control land subsidence and the management of overexploitation areas. Methods: This paper takes the middle and upper area of Chaobai River alluvial fan as an example, adopts permanent scatterer differential interferometry (PS- InSAR) technology to obtain the information of land deformation, and coupling with the multi- groundwater monitoring well and extensormeters and other means of, to find out the response and controlling factors of the ground surface deformation in the study area and the multi- factors. Results: The findings indicate that (1) the region's land subsidence is slowed down by the south water's constant replenishment, and that the Niulan Mountain region experiences surface uplift. With the rise in water level, the uplift area also gradually widens to the middle and downstream, and the maximum rebound rate reaches 469 mm/a in 2022. Conclusions: The Houshayu depression, which is split by the Huangzhuang—Gorliying fault, Shunyi fault, and Nankou—Sunhe fault, has undergone more alterations than other regions because for any particular characteristics of Quaternary depositional differences governed by faults；The range and responsiveness of water level rise are determined by variability in groundwater level amplitude and water richness, and the direction of groundwater flow is somewhat controlled by quaternary sedimentary differences brought on by sedimentary tectonics.