This paper briefly reviews the research history of the “Xujiayao-Houjiayao ” archaeological site and the change course of its name, and challenges the name legitimacy of the so-called“Xujiayao hominins”. From the archaeological point of view, it is understandable that the archaeological site was finally named as the Xujiayao-Houjiayao site, because the Xujiayao village in Yanggao County of Shanxi Province is not far from the Houjiayao village in Yangyuan County of Hebei Province, and the name of the archaeological site was established by the State Council of China in 1976 and has been protected by state laws and regulations. From the paleoanthropological point of view, however, it is neither reasonable nor legal to name the hominin fossils from the Houjiayao village (the 74093 site), in Yangyuan County of Hebei Province as the“Xujiayao hominins”, because the Xujiayao village belongs to Yanggao County of Shanxi Province. In fact, no hominin fossils had been unearthed from the Xujiayao village (the 73113 site) in Yanggao County of Shanxi Province. Traditionally, the names of ancient humans have been named after the places where the fossils were found (common name) . The correct way is to give the huminin fossils found from the Houjiayao village a formally biological name (scientific name) , such as Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, Homo longi, etc. Based on the fossil descriptions, measured data and fossil photographs provided by some scholars, the author suggests that the human fossils found from Houjiayao village in Yangyuan County of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province might belong to a species related closely to Homo longi (Homo aff. longi) . The hominin fossils from the Houjiayao village are of great scientific value in the study of Pleistocene hominins.