Objectives:Affected by new water conditions such as the southward flow of water into Beijing, groundwater over-exploitation, limited extraction, and ecological water replenishment, new evolution characteristics of land subsidence have emerged in the Beijing alluvial plain. The research results will help to reassess the effectiveness of Beijing's land subsidence prevention and control policies under the new water situation, and provide a basis for the subsequent formulation of refined prevention and control policies. Methods:This article takes the Beijing alluvial plain as the study area, and analyzes the new changes in land subsidence in Beijing under the new water conditions based on multi-year regional and station long-term multi-source monitoring data. Results: (1) After 2015, the groundwater depression cone and subsidence rate in Beijing have significantly decreased, and some subsidence centers have disappeared in 2022, with subsidence turning into rising; (2) At the top of the alluvial fan, the response speed of subsidence to water level changes is fast and shows significant elastic deformation, with shallow strata rising before deep strata; in the middle and lower parts of the alluvial fan, the strata compress and release water, and groundwater replenishment is relatively slow, with subsidence lagging behind water level changes, with shallow strata rising and plastic deformation as the main features; (3) Under the new water conditions, the leakage recharge of groundwater levels at different horizons has changed, the 62-85m silty clay layer at Tianzhu Station being recharged by both upper and lower aquifers, while the 90-120m silty clay layer is leaking water to both upper and lower aquifers; (4) The lagging response of subsidence to water level rise is related to stratum lithology, such as the rising trend at Tianzhu Station developing from shallow strata to deep strata, with deep strata rising later than water level rise, and the time lag is significantly shorter than that of shallow strata. Conclusions:New evolution characteristics of land subsidence have emerged in the Beijing alluvial plain. The research results will help to reassess the effectiveness of Beijing's land subsidence prevention and control policies under the new water situation, and provide a basis for the subsequent formulation of refined prevention and control policies.