The Guanyinqiao Member of the Upper Ordovician in the Upper Yangtze region serves as an excellent archive for investigating the sedimentary response to ocean-climate changes during the Late Ordovician. Research on the differential enrichment mechanism of organic matter in this strata will help elucidate the sedimentary response processes of ocean-climate fluctuations in this period, and provides a reference for shale gas exploration in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations. Taking the Guanyinqiao Member from the Qiliao Section in Shizhu, Well N211, and Well LY3 in the Upper Yangtze region as research objects, this study analyzed the characteristics of total organic carbon (TOC), well logging properties, elemental and mineral compositions, and discussed the causes of differential organic matter enrichment in the Guanyinqiao Member combined with previous research findings. The results show that the TOC content in the Qiliao Section, as well as the TOC content, natural gamma ray (GR) values, silicon (Si) content, quartz content, and biogenic silica (Sibio) content in Well N211, generally increase upward from the bottom of the Wufeng Formation to the Guanyinqiao Member at the top of the Wufeng Formation, reaching maximum values in the Guanyinqiao Member, and then gradually decrease from the Guanyinqiao Member to the Longmaxi Formation. The aluminum (Al) content and clay mineral content in Well N211 generally decrease upward from the bottom of the Wufeng Formation to the Guanyinqiao Member at the top of the Wufeng Formation, reaching minimum values in the Guanyinqiao Member, and then gradually increase from the Guanyinqiao Member to the Longmaxi Formation. For Well LY3, the TOC content and GR values increase upward from the bottom of the Wufeng Formation, then abruptly decrease toward the Guanyinqiao Member, increase sharply from the Guanyinqiao Member to the Longmaxi Formation, and gradually decrease upward from the bottom of the Longmaxi Formation. This study suggests that the ocean-climate processes in the Upper Yangtze region during the depositional stage of the Guanyinqiao Member were analogous to those in modern-day Peru. Vertically, the organic matter enrichment in the Guanyinqiao Member is associated with the Paleozoic strong "La Ni?a-like" phenomenon. Spatially, the differential enrichment of organic matter in the Guanyinqiao Member is related to the heterogeneous development of upwelling caused by paleogeographic settings. This study can provide a case for research on the sedimentary response to Late Ordovician ocean-climate changes and a reference for favorable zone prediction of shale gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the Upper Yangtze region, i.e., areas with high TOC values in the Guanyinqiao Member are favorable targets for shale gas exploration in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations.