The Ubendian Belt is considered as an ancient orogenic belt formed during the Paleoproterozoic in the past, which developed around the westernsouthwestern margin of the Archaean Tanzanian Craton. It is mainly composed of several highgrade metamorphic and highly deformed terranes. There are two large gold occurrences in this belt, namely Lupa goldfield and Mpanda Mineral Field, respectively. They are the most important place of production of gold after the famous Lake Victoria area in Tanzania, and many mines of the Lupa Goldfield are most likely belong to the orogenic gold deposits. With the findings of Neoproterozoic eclogite outcrops, a series of new breakthroughs are reported in recent years, primarily on the studies about the tectonic evolution and the gold metallogenesis, all these evidences show that the evolution of the Ubendian Belt is far more complex than the outcomes conclude from the traditional researches. After a comprehensive review of the previous studies, including the divisions of internal tectonic units, geodynamic evolution, gold mineralization, and so on, this paper summarizes the existing views proposed by the former researchers, especially on the process of Ubendian Orogeny and gold mineralization, then it can be used to represent the latest research progresses. Finally, in this paper, the gold mines within the Ubendian Belt are compared with the orogenic gold deposits in Jiaodong and East Qinling(China). It shows there are many similarities or differences between them, the authors also hope this study will throw light on the next step of basic geological researches or prospecting practices.