Geological specimens are witnesses to the evolution of geological history and geological research, as well as basic resources and core materials for geological propaganda and teaching. Guided by Xi Jinping’s thought of ecological civilization construction in the new era, in- depth analyses and discussions are conducted on the geological features of Qinghai Province and the experience of collecting typical geological specimens. The results of the study show that Qinghai Province is in the region of huge scale orogenic system in different periods, with strong regional geological activities, and after hundreds of millions of years of geological evolution, a wealth of typical and representative geological specimens have been formed. Typical geological specimens can be collected by focusing on geologic bodies such as ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountains, tectonic meridian in the Central and South Qilian Mountains, the granitic pegmatite at the northern edge of the Qaidam Basin, skarn in the Western Qinling Mountains, rhyolite in southern Qinghai, and fossils formed in different geologic eras. Meanwhile, the valuable experience gained from the collection of typical geological specimens of Qinghai Province provides a new scene and new ecology with highland characteristics for the future efficient analysis of the stratigraphic spatio—temporal contact relationship and tectonic activity characteristics of the province, reveals the stratigraphic evolution history and the distribution law of mineral deposits, as well as attracts more domestic and foreign geoscientific enthusiasts.