Rubidium and cesium are important mineral resources in China, with wide applications in fields such as aerospace, communication, energy, medicine, chemistry, and electronic equipment. Rubidium and cesium, which exist in the form of ions, are widely distributed in salt lakes on the Qinghai—Xizang（Tibet） Plateau. Due to their relatively simple extraction process, low cost, and low energy consumption, they are the main objects for future extraction. This paper systematically collects data on rubidium and cesium resources in salt lake brines on the Qinghai Xizang Plateau, analyzes the content, resource quantity, and distribution of rubidium and cesium, studies the enrichment patterns of rubidium and cesium in salt lake brines, understands their extraction techniques, and provides a basis for the comprehensive utilization of salt lake resources. Methods: In this paper, the similarities and differences of rubidium and cesium are found out by analyzing their physical and chemical properties. Through research on the tectonic movement of the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau and processing of rubidium and cesium data in salt lakes, identifying their enrichment areas and reasons The enrichment and extraction of rubidium and cesium in Zabuye, Lago Co and Mami Co salt lakes were analyzed.Results: The amount of rubidium oxide resources in the salt lake on the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau is 47. 50 kt, which is 23. 73 times of the scale of large- scale rubidium deposit. The cesium oxide resources in the salt lake are 28. 53 kt, which is 14. 265 times the size of large- scale cesium deposit. There are 5 salt lakes with rubidium oxide resources that meet the requirements of large deposits and 4 salt lakes that meet the requirements of medium deposits. There are 2 salt lakes with cesium oxide resources that meet the requirements of large deposits and 2 salt lakes that meet the requirements of medium deposits. The highest rubidium and cesium contents were 0. 496‰ and 0. 372‰ in the brine of Zabye Salt Lake when the evaporation rate was 100%, which was 10. 33 and 31 times that of the original brine. The highest rubidium and cesium contents were 0. 84‰ and 1.76‰ in the brine of Lago Salt Lake when the evaporation rate was 85. 09%, which was 84 and 88 times that of the original brine. The highest rubidium and cesium contents were 0. 224‰ and 0. 297‰ when the evaporation rate was 86. 79% in Mami Co salt lake brine, which were 14 and 21. 21 times of the original brine. Conclusions: The rubidium and cesium resources in the salt lakes of the Qinghai—Xizang(Tibet) Plateau are mainly distributed in the Qaidam basin, Qiangtang block and Lhasa block, and the rubidium cesium in the Qiangtang block and Lhasa block mainly comes from the Indian plate. Rubidium and cesium in salt lake are basically concentrated in the evaporation process, and the concentration of residual halide is very high, which is conducive to the development and utilization of rubidium and cesium. The brine of Zabye Salt Lake was developed and utilized when the evaporation loss rate was about 80%. The brine of Lago Co salt lake was developed and utilized when the evaporation loss rate was about 70%. The brine of Mami Co salt lake was developed and utilized when the evaporation loss rate was about 70%. At present, the solvent extraction method is the most promising method for extracting rubidium and cesium from salt lake brine.