江西丹霞地貌演化阶段与分布及其构造控制探讨
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本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41772197、41602113)、江西省教育厅科技项目(编号:GJJ160534)和江西省数字国土重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:DLLJ201707)的成果


Study on theevoluation of Danxia landform in Jiangxi Province and its structural factors
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    摘要:

    晚白垩世至古近纪期间,江西省内沿区域性断裂构造发育30余个断陷盆地,沉积了巨厚的红色陆相碎屑岩,为丹霞地貌的形成提供了物质基础。已发现的228处丹霞地貌点主要分布于江西东部武夷山北麓和西麓的红层盆地内。利用面积—高程积分法,对江西省9个盆地的丹霞地貌演化阶段进行了定量分析,结果表明省内丹霞地貌景区的面积—高程HI为0.17~0.52,平均为0.38,即其演化阶段处于壮年晚期至老年早期,在空间分布上具有由南向北,由壮年期转为老年期的趋势。该趋势可能与武夷山的构造隆升有关。构造分析显示,节理与武夷山的隆升对江西丹霞地貌演化起控制作用,具体表现为:① 龙虎山、九仙湖、仙岩、蛤蟆坞、赭亭山、龟峰等地发育的崖壁、一线天、巷谷、石墙、石寨、峰丛、峰林等丹霞典型景观均与节理有关。② 流水侵蚀等外营力的作用对丹霞地貌的剥露、削平起重要作用,统计表明距离武夷山越近,丹霞地貌山峰越密集、崖壁越陡峻,指示武夷山的隆升与丹霞地貌的发育有直接关系。总体来看,江西省内的红层为丹霞地貌的发育提供了物质基础,武夷山的隆升控制了丹霞地貌的分布。值得注意的是,丹霞地貌区的节理构造是否与武夷山的隆升存在直接因果关系还需进一步研究。

    Abstract:

    More than 30 red graben basins developed along some regional fault zones in Jiangxi Province from Late Cretaceous to Paleogene. These red basins with thick continental clastic sediments were the basis for the formation of Danxia landform. The evolutional stages of 228 sites of the Danxia landforms in Jiangxi Province were studied and show that: Most Danxia landforms sites locate in the northern and western piedmont of the Wuyi Mountains. Based on the satellite remote sensing and DEM data, the hypsometric integral simulation analysis of the Danxia landforms in this area is carried out. Evolutional stages of the Danxia landform are late mature to early old- age stage, and there is a tendency from south to north, shifting to higher evolution stage in the spatial distribution. Joints and the uplift of the Wuyi Mountains play an important role in the evolution of the Danxia Landforms in Jiangxi Province, which is shown as follows: (1) the cliffs, thin strip of sky, lane valleys, stone walls, stone camp, peak clusters, peak forests and other landscapes developed in Longhu Mountain, Jiuxian Lake, Xianyan, Hamawu, Zhetingshan and Guifeng peak are all related to joints. (2) Water erosion and other external forces play an important role in the stripping and leveling of Danxia landform. Statistics show that the closer to the Wuyi Mountains, the denser the peaks and the steeper the cliffs of Danxia landform, indicating that the uplift of the Wuyi Mountains is directly related to the development of the Danxia landform. In general, the red beds in Jiangxi Province provide the sediment source for the development of the Danxia landforms, and the uplift of the Wuyi Mountains controls the evolution stage of the Danxia landforms. It is worth noting that whether the joints in Danxia landform area is resulted from the uplift of the Wuyi Mountains needs to further study.

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姜勇彪,郭福生,黎广荣,李蓉,楼法生,汪震,陈留勤,郄海满,闫罗彬,李益朝,凡秀君.2023.江西丹霞地貌演化阶段与分布及其构造控制探讨[J].地质论评,69(5):2023050014,[DOI].
JIANG Yongbiao, GUO Fusheng, LI Guangrong, LI Rong, LOU Fasheng, WANG Zhen, CHEN Liuqing, XI Haiman, YAN Luobin, LI Yichao, FAN Xiujun.2023. Study on theevoluation of Danxia landform in Jiangxi Province and its structural factors[J]. Geological Review,69(5):2023050014.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-14
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-10-19
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