This paper intends to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of geological culture villages (towns) and their influencing factors from a geospatial perspective, in order to provide reference for the scientific layout and sustainable development of geological culture villages (towns) in China. Methods: the spatial distribution characteristics of 50 geological culture villages (towns) in China and their influencing factors are studied by using the methods of the nearest neighbor index, unbalanced index, kernel density analysis method and Geodetector.Result and Conclusions: The study shows that: ①The spatial distribution of geological culture villages (towns) is random; ②The number of geological culture villages (towns) in each province (city and district) varies significantly, with uneven spatial distribution and a pattern of "more in the east and less in the west"; ③The geological culture villages (towns) form one high- density core area, two secondary high- density gathering areas and one core extension zone; ④The factors affecting the spatial distribution of geological culture villages (towns) in China are composed of three primary indicators: characteristic geological resources, natural conditions and socio- economic and human resources. The factors affecting the spatial distribution of geological culture villages (towns) in China are composed of three primary indicators, namely geological resources, natural conditions and socio- economic and human resources, among which socio- economic and human resources have the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of geological culture villages (towns) and have significant effects. In the evaluation and construction of geological culture villages (towns) in the future, the construction and declaration of geological culture villages (towns) in the central and western regions should be strengthened; the evaluation of geological culture villages (towns) in the central and western regions should be appropriately tilted; the publicity of geological culture villages (towns) should be increased; the geological characteristics and folk culture should be fully explored, and the integration of geological culture villages (towns) and culture should be strengthened.