Objectives: The systematic analysis on the distribution regularities and influencing factors of cave groups can provide reference for the study on the distribution characteristics of karst cave groups in other regions, and provide a basis for the effective protection and in- depth development of cave groups. Methods: Taking 48 karst caves of cave group in Nuoshuihe scenic spot in northern Sichuan as the research object, based on the regional geological maps and hydrogeological maps, this study carried out a background investigation of the cave developmental horizon, structural position, development direction, joint orientation and some characteristics of groundwater and surface water system. Using the method of nearest distance method, joint analysis method and GIS buffer zone analysis, this study explored the spatial distribution pattern of caves, the developmental direction of caves, the relationship between caves and structures and surface water systems, and analyzed the influencing factors of the distribution characteristics of karst caves. Results: The results show that: karst caves in the study area was in line with aggregation distribution pattern, and the caves develop mainly along the NWW and NEE. In addition, the closer to the surface river, the more cave outlets distributed; the closer to the tectonic turning point, the more intensive distribution of caves is. The cave entrance elevation distribution is hierarchical in space and phased in time. Conclusions: The main factors affecting the distribution of caves include: the lithological differences of strata and carbonate rocks, the derived joints development status of geological, the multiperiodic structure deformation and uplift, the type and effect of groundwater, the influence of surface water system on groundwater system and the influence of topography in north subtropical monsoon climate.