The ground water level has been declining since the concentrated exploitation of groundwater in Guanzhong urban agglomeration. The declining amplitude of it is 30~50m in major water source, with a maximum more than 120 m. Long term excessive exploitation of groundwater has caused a continuous decline in groundwater level, ground subsidence, ground fissure, water pollution and other environmental geological problems. In recent years, the exploitation control on groundwater in urban agglomeration is relieving the continuous decline in groundwater level and the related local environment geological problems. This paper based on 50 year monitoring data of groundwater dynamics, studied in dynamic characteristics of groundwater and related environmental geological problems, proposed suggestions for prevention and mitigation of environmental geological problems and development of groundwater.