Abstract:In the present paper, the physical foundation of the hypothesis of plate subduction—exhumation in the Earth has been analyzed and discussed in the light of thermodynamics, physics, matterstructure and hightemperature highpressure phasetransformation. For the nonequilibrium hightemperature highpressure system of the heterogeneous solid Earth,the nonequilibrium state formation modes for the ultrahighpressure metamorphism of coesite in the Earth’s crust are more greater universality and diversity than the equilibrium state formation mode which should not be assumed to be the only one. The mode of static fluid Earth and conversion formula of lithostatic pressure into depth are valid no longer for the real heterogeneous solid Earth including not only the nonequilibrium state,but also the equilibrium state existing possibly in some localized regions with stable hydrostatic, quasihydrostatic pressure in the Earth’s crust.Chopin (1984) has favoured the idea that coesite grew under nearly static (hydrostatic) pressure condition which belonged an equilibrium thermodynamics growth mode,he has opened a coesite ultrahigh pressure metamorphic study of its kind.However, it is lacking in scientific evidence that the subsequent use of conversion formula of lithostatic pressure into depth,made the formation pressure ≥28GPa of natural coesite translate into 100km directly; and further asserted that the obtained coesite in the Earth’s crust is a stable phase produced from the Earth's mantle. For the actual inhomogeneity solid earth,the driving force of plate deep subduction already was not the issue of overcoming fluid buoyancy which is driving lowdensity continental crust rocks to insert into highdensity crust—mantle rock, but should resolve the problem of lowdensity continental crust rocks to penetrate into solid crust—mantle rock with highdensity. It is necessary to have a giant,abnormal, and rare driving force for that. From the point of view of physics,it is very hard to subduct solid continental crust rock into solid crust—mantle rock. Chopin firstly evaded the original driving force, and further,drew a constant equal sign without scientific basis between the two events of the coesite and diamond ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rock found in the Earth's crust and the stable phase produced in the mantle or the deep subduction, and then again rose up to a "paradigm" height that had misled need no original driving force of research. Since the introduction of the hypothesis of plate subduction—exhumation so far, the original driving force of plate subduction—exhumation has always not been resolved. Uneven solid Earth is a natural hightemperature highpressure system, in order to preserve the coesite, a hightemperature highpressure phase of quartz, the rapid cooling rate of plate is requested over 40℃ / Ma that should be comparable with the laboratory critical rate of quenching under pressurekeeping (which requires not less than (0.5 ~ 10)×10 2℃ / s) , however,there is a huge differential in 1013 order of magnitude for both cases. From the lab phase change regularity of hightemperature highpressure, such extremely slow cooling rates of plate exhumation is difficult to keep the living coesite. Conversely, in order to make plate exhumation speed reached laboratory critical cooling rate of keeping coesite quenching under pressure, the speed(in air)of plate exhumation must achieve 10 ~ 20km/s. This meant that to make a huge amount matter with such great speed fast penetrate and exhumation in the solid medium that needs a giant abnormal rare driving force of exhumation, however, from physics viewpoint it is extremely difficult to achieve. In addition, the four important factors put forward by Chopin, influencing the coesite preserve during turnback process, still exist many problems, and also could not overcome the above paradoxes. The time of atomic diffusion and chemical reaction in solid matter usually falls within the range of μs~ ms, and to create an equilibrium within min ~ 102 h. By the isotopic geochronology of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks and “Frying ice cream” model identification, the time from subduction to exhumation was of 10 ~ 20Ma; and the time from geospeedometry incoming structure metamorphism process was more shorter (< 0.2 Ma). Compared the time of atomic diffusion and chemical reaction of matter with that of results obtained from isotopic geochronology and geospeedometry, there is the same huge orders of magnitude 1017 ~ 20difference between them. From the viewpoint of structure and behavior of materials, in research involving several Ma which is not long to the geological time scale during plate exhumation, and several to tens kilomiters of limited size scale, there should be extremely plenty of time for diffusion, chemical reaction, product metamorphism and exchange with mantle materials to establish isotope equilibrium.The view of "short stay time and fast turnback speed, without adequate isotope exchange did not reach the isotopic equilibrium"is unbelievable. The hypothesis of plate subduction—exhumation besides must be inspected by the above physical foundation, still needs to be able smoothly to explain the relevant features of coesite in the Earth's crust. Due to the existence of diversity solutions of wave velocity anomaly genesis,the subduction—exhumation channels (track) should not determine only by seismic wave topographic anomaly map. Plate subduction and exhumation movement is the big event with a big energy and large space changes, and their energy changes should follow the law of conservation of energy. In P—T—t track (channel), the first phasetransformation products produced in obvious and large quantities during the subduction process of continental crustrocks should be left, and the phasetransformation products occurred by quenching under pressurekeeping,or under lowpressure lowtemperature conditions of mantle matter, and the secondary phasetransformation products of continental crustrocks during the exhumation process should be left also. Similarly, plate subduction—exhumation should comply with the massconservation law, P—T—t track (channel) in uppermantle should appear corresponding continental crustrocks matter and their phasetransformation products, and around coesite in the Earth's crust where should exist more mantleinterior materials of upleft. Review the development process of subduction—exhumation hypothesis of itself, the most critical step was neglecting the facts that the localized highpressure microzone induced by local heterogeneity of solid Earth composition, stress and so on, and the influence of other nonequilibrium thermodynamics factors; and adhered to the traditional static fluid Earth model and its pressure—depth conversion formula. From the viewpoint of physical basis, the conjecture of "spectacular geological event" of plate deepsubduction fastexhumation, still needs more and more scientific evidence to prove.