The physical and biological nature of coastal wetlands is fundamentally controlled by its hydrologic and salinity regimes and by its setting within a landscape mosaic of natural and human land uses. Assessing the health of coastal wetlands, however, remains a problem because no clear set of criteria for estimating this ecosystem. The Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey (CGS) and National wetlands research center, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) joint great efforts to successively develop both conceptual models for coast and environmental geology in the Lower Mississippi Valley (LMV) and evaluating the health condition of coastal wetlands in Yelllow River Delta (YRD). The later effort will be presented in this article. This conceptual model is to identify geologic or anthropogenic processes that control ecosystem structure and function and response to drivers, effectors, management, and disturbance. Thus, the evolution of this ecosystem could be monitored, and management of priorities over these newly creative lands could be advised. The reason for the QIMG of CGS to select YRD's wetlands as research areas both because of the importance of ecology and great stress due to the strong salinity (or lacking of fresh water) and extensive human modification to the landscape from the Yellow River. It is expected that the conceptual model will represent a framework to guide the further research activities, which include data collection, development of assessment indicators. With this model, environmental changes based on the observation of various indicators must be detectable in order to improve the management and conservation of this ecosystem.