Microbial prospecting of oil and gas(MPOG), as a new technique, is paid more and more attention by the whole exploration field, because of its many advantages such as direct display, effectiveness , economics and less multiinterpretation. With the new method of the microbial prospecting of hydrocarbon, which is one of MPOG, applied to Fuxing NO.I fault block in Jianghan basin, not only the oil information of the being drilled well of S4 is successfully rapid evaluated, but also the most favorable abundance zone are determined. At the same time, the exploration direction is pointed out to the south of the studied area. At last, with the persistent attentions to the Fuxing NO.I fault block exploration, there are 12 wells drilled after the study of MPOG, and the results are consistent between the oil information of the wells and MPOG, which reveal a great significant application prospect of the new technique of MPOG.