与火山—侵入作用有关的大水沟碲矿和东坪金(碲)矿
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本文为地质行业科学技术发展基金资助项目(编号 959617)。


Dashuigou Tellurium Deposit and Dongping Gold (Tellurium) Deposit Closely Related to Volcanic—Intrusive Activity
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    摘要:

    四川石棉县大水沟碲矿床与火山作用有关系,它源于二叠纪变玄武岩。河北崇礼县东坪金(碲)矿床与岩浆侵入作用关系密切。岩石化学分析查明,大水沟变玄武岩属于碱性火山岩。东坪水泉沟杂岩体表现出偏碱性岩的特征。两矿床的成矿流体地球化学研究证明:大水沟矿床形成温度高且跨度大(400~260~160~80℃),具有两期(340~280℃和260~160℃)成矿特征。东坪矿床则在360℃~120℃。东坪矿床成矿流体属中—低等盐度,大水沟矿床流体为中—偏高盐度。在碲主成矿阶段存在一组高 盐度流体,其流体包裹体从简单到复杂类型共存,表现了碲成矿期间流体沸腾的特征。C、H、O、S稳定同位素研究,提供大水沟的成矿物质来源以地幔为主,而东坪矿床则为地幔—地壳混合的物质来源。大水沟碲矿床惰性气体同位素测试结果,其3He/4He值为134~216Ra,40Ar/36Ar=385~1026。这直接反应出地幔流体参与了碲的成矿作用。总之,两矿床成矿过程研究表明,火山—侵入岩浆提供了热源和部分成矿物质来源。岩浆—流体对于东坪金(碲)矿床和大水沟碲矿床,在成矿过程中的热传递和Au、Te的运移,尤其是Au、Te的活化和沉淀及其富集成矿都起到了非常重要的作用。

    Abstract:

    The Dashuigou tellurium deposit is related to the Permian metamorp hic basalt The Dongping gold (tellurium) deposit is closely r elated to intrusion The components of metamorphic rocks sho w that the SiO2 contents range from 4536% to 4874%, Na2O+K2O from 1 77% to 265%, TiO2 from 169% to 248%, so they are alkaline volcanic ro cks  The petrochemical compositions of the syenite in the Shuiquangou complex show that the SiO2 contents range from 6120% to 6649%, Na2O+K2O from 10 35% to 1329%, Fe2O3+FeO from 095% to 365%, CaO from 031% to 300%, so they are weakly alkaline rocks The Dashuigou deposit formed in high temperature and in wide temperature ra nge ( 400~260~160~80℃)The mineralization can be devided into two stages The or ef orming tempera ture ranges of the two stages are 340~280℃ and 260~160℃ respectively The o re forming temperature of the Dongping gold deposit ranges from 360 to 120℃ and its salinity of oreforming fluid is medium to low (12 5% to 03%NaCl) The salinity of oreforming fluid in the Dashuigou dep osit ranges from 146% to 06%NaClThe salinity of the oreforming f l uid in the main oreforming stage of tellurium is high and ranges from 2 80% to 335%NaCl The inclusions have all kinds of types The main oreforming stage of tellurium is characterized by boiling inclusions The s ingleinclusion analyses through Laser Raman microprobe show that both deposits contain H2O, C O2, CO, CH4, F-, Cl-, SO2-4 and H2, but the ratios of Na+/K +, Cl-/SO2-4 and CO2/H2O in the Dashuigou are higher than those in Dongping deposit Stable isotopic studies show that δ18OH2O values range from 131‰ to 109‰ , δD from -54‰ to -64‰, δ13C from -53‰ to -74‰, δ 34S from 14‰ to -05‰ in the Dashuigou deposit, and δ18OH2O from 4 2 4‰ to -586‰, δD from -4028‰ to -1013‰, δ13C -27‰, δ13S from 47‰ to -138 4‰ in the Dongping deposit respe ctively Lead isotopic compositions of two deposits reveal lead originated fr om the mixed sources of mantle and crust The 3He/4He values of the Dashuigou dep osit are between 134 and 216 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar values ar e between 385 and 1026 They suggest mantle fluid should play an important role in tellurium mineralization The studies on the processes of mineralization of two deposits show that vo lcanic—intrusive magma are sources of heat and partial mineralization mate ri als Magma—fluids play very important role in precesses of the heat transfer,m

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魏家秀,张招崇.1999.与火山—侵入作用有关的大水沟碲矿和东坪金(碲)矿[J].地质论评,45(7):861-867,[DOI].
Wei Jiaxiu, Zhang Zhaochong.1999. Dashuigou Tellurium Deposit and Dongping Gold (Tellurium) Deposit Closely Related to Volcanic—Intrusive Activity[J]. Geological Review,45(7):861-867.

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