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摘要:The Series Barbini (subfamily Cyprininae sensu lato) is the most species-rich group within the family Cyprinidae, primarily confined to warm regions of southern Eurasia and Africa. The distribution patterns and evolutionary history of Chinese cyprinins have been effectively shaped by the Cenozoic uplift of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the evolution of the Asian monsoon. Here, we describe two new fossil fishes from the early and middle Miocene of the Lunpola Basin in central Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China, preserving the ethmoid and the rear of the occipital regions of the neurocranium, infraorbitals, hyopalatine arch, abdominal vertebrae, and some dorsal-fin pterygiophores and unbranched fin rays. Through detailed morphological comparisons, these fossils show definite affinities to Cyprinidae according to the morphology of the neurocranium, vertebral column, and dorsal fin rays; and one of which is classified into the Series Barbini, while the other can only be assigned to the Cyprinidae family level. These findings reveal that the hinterland of the plateau of the early Neogene should have hosted cyprinin fishes of greater diversity than today. This also indicates a warm-temperate paleoclimate suitable for their survival during that period, consistent with the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatical conditions reconstructed from the contemporaneous mammalian fossil and palynological evidences.

摘要:The wood anatomy of corystosperms is fundamentally consistent with that of gymnosperms, yet their growth ring boundaries share anatomical features with extant angiosperms. This transitional morphology strongly supports the interpretation of corystosperms as an evolutionary intermediate between gymnosperms and angiosperms. The first application of X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) chemical analysis to fossil wood taxa of Fengweioxylon yielded the above conclusion. By using growth ring analysis and ecological reconstructions, we suggest that corystosperms were large evergreen trees with leaf retention periods of three to five years. They likely thrived in warm summer environments where prolonged foliage retention provided adaptive benefits.

摘要:Quantonenpollenites, a pollen taxon which was assumed to be angiosperm, is of great significance in confirming the geological age of its bearing strata. Aims to clarify the taxonomic affiliation of Quantonenpollenites, we investigated the external morphology and internal structure using Light Microscopy (LM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). According to TEM observations, the exine of Quantonenpollenites pollen is unstratified with the absence of a columellar layer, and the exine is tightly connected with the intine. Based on comprehensive morphological evidence, especially the lack of columellar layer which is typical characteristics existing in almost all angiosperm pollen, the botanical affinity of Quantonenpollenites should be attributed to gymnosperms rather than angiosperms as previously thought. Through comparative analysis, it may have a close affinity with Ephedra, but further analytical data are still needed for verification. As a characteristic palynological type of the Quantou Formation in the Songliao Basin, the occurrence of Quantonenpollenites has indicative significance for determining the age of the hosting strata. By systematically clarifying the phylogenetic affiliation of Quantonenpollenites, together with the other associated palynomorphs, this study provides crucial reference materials for defining the stratigraphic age range of the Quantou Formation (Cenomanian to early Turonian), improves the resolution of stratigraphic age calibration of the Quantou Formation, and provides key paleontological evidence for the refined division of the terrestrial Cretaceous chronostratigraphic framework in the Songliao Basin.

摘要:This study investigates the facies development and sedimentology of the Late Permian Chhidru Formation, a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic unit exposed in the Western Salt Range, Potwar Basin, Pakistan. The formation is subdivided into four lithological units reflecting lateral variability, with thicknesses and lithologies ranging from fossiliferous sandy limestone to interbedded limestone and sandstone. These successions record a depositional shift from a carbonate platform to mixed carbonate-clastic, and ultimately, clastic-dominated environments. Lithostratigraphy suggests deposition on the underlying Wargal Limestone carbonates during a Late Permian sea-level fall on the northwest Indian margin of Gondwana. Similar Permian successions with identical lithological characteristics are documented in the Persian Gulf (Dalan Formation), Arabian Platform (Khuff Formation), and Iran (Nesen and Hambust formations). Petrographic analysis reveals deposition in the distal middle to proximal inner shelf settings of a carbonate-siliciclastic mixed, unrimmed platform. Based on identified foraminiferal assemblages, the Chhidru Formation's age is estimated to range from the late Wuchiapingian to Changhsingian stages of the Lopingian epoch.

摘要:The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China, and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theoretical and practical significance for guiding oil and gas exploration. The sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the high-resolution sequence framework of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Hangjinqi area have been systematically analyzed for the first time by drilling, logging and seismic data. The results show that four types of sequence interfaces can be identified in the Taiyuan Formation: regional unconformity surfaces, scour surfaces, lithologic–lithofacies transformation surfaces and flooding surfaces. According to the sedimentary response caused by the upward and downward movements of the base level at different levels, the Taiyuan Formation can be divided into 2 long-term cycles (LSC1–LSC2), 4 mid-term cycles (MSC1–MSC4) and 7 short-term cycles (SSC1–SSC7). The long- and mid-term cycles correspond to members T1 and T2 and layers T1-1, T1-2, T2-1, and T2-2, respectively. Long-term cycles are dominated by C1; mid-term cycles are dominated by C1 and C2, followed by A2; and short-term cycles are dominated by C1, C2, A1 and A2. Under the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework, the Hangjinqi area underwent a transformation of fan delta and tidal flat depositional systems during the Taiyuan Formation sedimentary period. In the MSC1–MSC2 stage, owing to a large-scale paleocontinent, the fan delta sedimentary body, which was limited in scale and scope, developed only in the southeastern corner and gradually transitioned basinward to tidal flat facies. In the MSC3–MSC4 stage, as the paleocontinent continuously decreased and the sedimentary range expanded, fan-delta plain sedimentation began in the study area. Several braided distributary channels with poor connectivity developed on the fan-delta plain, and between them were floodplains and peat swamps.

摘要:Debate has persisted over whether the metamorphic basement of the Zhoushan Islands, easternmost Cathaysia Block, is Precambrian. Here, representative metamorphic rocks from the Qushan Islands were investigated using petrography, mineral chemistry, phase equilibria modeling and SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating to constrain their metamorphic evolution and tectonic significance. Both the pelitic granulites (garnet-kyanite-perthite -biotite-quartz) and the mafic granulites (garnet-clinopyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase-quartz) reached high-pressure granulite-facies conditions of 1.2–1.4 GPa/820–900°C, and recorded three metamorphic stages along a clockwise P-T path with post-peak isothermal decompression. This trajectory indicated rapid exhumation of thickened continental crust during collisional orogeny. Metamorphic ages of 254 ± 3 Ma, 262 ± 4 Ma and 259 ± 3 Ma were obtained for mafic granulite, pelitic granulite and marble, respectively, and were consistent with the emplacement age of 259 ± 4 Ma for a pegmatite vein. Detrital zircons in metasediments spanned 2706–330 Ma, which constrained the latest deposition to ~330 Ma; thus represented mid-Paleozoic sediment metamorphosed during the late Paleozoic rather than Precambrian basement. We conclude that the Indosinian tectonothermal event in the Cathaysia Block had originated from late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic collisional orogeny between the South China Plate to the north and the Indochina Block to the south.

摘要:This study provides new evidence for a significant Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event in the southern Dharwar Craton, based on U-Pb dating of rutile and monazite from metamorphic rocks of the Sargur Group. Trace element analysis of rutile in garnet-bearing amphibolite, amphibolite, garnet-bearing staurolite-kyanite schist, and grunerite-garnet schist suggests that their protoliths were primarily basaltic rocks, sediments with mafic component, pelitic sediments, and mixed sediments with both mafic and felsic components, respectively. Rutile U-Pb ages of 625 ± 22 Ma (garnet-bearing amphibolite), 752 ± 5.1 Ma (amphibolite), 836 ± 4 Ma to 663 ± 26 Ma (garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist) and 860 ± 13 Ma (grunerite-garnet schist), along with a monazite U-Pb age of 789 ± 4.4 Ma (garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist), record a significant Neoproterozoic (860–625 Ma) tectono-thermal event along the southern margin of the western Dharwar Craton. This event is most likely associated with aborted rift-related alkaline magmatism along the northern margin of the Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT) and the southern margin of the Dharwar Craton. Given the lack of direct evidence for the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent in the Dharwar Craton and SGT, this Neoproterozoic event is unlikely to be related to the breakup of Rodinia.

摘要:Homret Ghannam alkali feldspar granite (HGAFG) in the central Eastern Desert (CED) of Egypt represents a distinctive example of late Neoproterozoic magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). This study integrates field observations, petrography, mineral chemistry (EMPA), and whole-rock geochemistry to investigate its petrogenesis, geodynamic evolution, and rare-metal potential. HGAFG comprises two cogenetic varieties, alkali feldspar granite and riebeckite-bearing granite, hosting rare-metal minerals such as zircon, fluorite, columbite and apatite. HGAFG exhibits diagnostic A-type geochemical characteristics, including high SiO? contents (73.81–77.86 wt%), metaluminous to mildly peralkaline composition (ASI: 0.92?1.03), enrichment in HFSE (Zr ≈ 791.80 ppm, Nb ≈ 68.12 ppm, Y ≈ 90.81 ppm) and ΣREE (103.40?475.57 ppm), and pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.07–0.20). Zircon saturation thermometry yields high crystallization temperatures (TZr ≈ 908.87°C) and low emplacement pressures (1.46 kbar) under reducing conditions (?O? ≈ ?11.5). The mineralogical and geochemical results reveal that HGAFG originated from a hybrid, fluorine-rich magma generated by anatexis of lower crust, followed by extensive fractional crystallization, during late post-collisional extension associated with lithospheric delamination. The reduced nature and fluorine enrichment of HGAFG magma promoted the mineralization of Nb–Ta–REE phases, highlighting its significance as a fertile, high-temperature product of the terminal magmatic stage in ANS evolution.

摘要:High-Mg andesites (HMAs) typically originate in subduction-related tectonic settings, including active continental margins and island arcs, and studies of HMAs can constrain the tectonic evolution of the South China Block and Paleo-Tethyan Ocean. This paper presents new chronological and geochemical data for high-Mg gabbroic diorites in the Funing area, southern South China. The gabbroic diorites yield ages of 254–249 Ma, and have moderate SiO2 contents (51.3%–57.8%), high MgO contents (4.6%–10.2%) and Mg# values (52–75), enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements, and depletion in high-field-strength elements—collectively displaying geochemical signatures typical of sanukites. The gabbroic diorites have radiogenic initial Sr and Pb isotopic compositions, and negative εNd(t) and εHf(t) values. These characteristics distinguish the Funing gabbroic diorites from subduction-related igneous rocks in the Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain. Instead, they are isotopically similar to HMAs and basalts along the Paleo-Tethys suture. We propose the high-Mg gabbroic diorites and basaltic andesites in Funing area share a common mantle source, linked to subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Tethyan plate beneath the South China Block, which triggered back-arc rifting and partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle during the Late Permian to Early Triassic.

摘要:Elucidating the mineralization mechanisms of individual granitic stages and tracing magmatic evolution processes are critical for establishing mineralization models of large-scale batholiths. The Mufushan granitoid batholith, renowned for multistage magmatism and large-scale rare metal mineralization, mainly comprises biotite, two-mica, and muscovite monzogranite. Existing research has predominantly focused on biotite and two-mica granite, whereas muscovite granite, as the most highly differentiated lithologic unit, remains understudied regarding its mineralization mechanisms and evolution characteristics. Focusing on two newly discovered Li-rich granites, namely tourmaline muscovite granite (TMG) from Shiniuchong and garnet muscovite granite (GMG) from Huanglongxiang, this study clarifies their intrusion ages, Li occurrence states and enrichment mechanisms, while establishing the magmatic evolutionary pathway. The results show that the U-Pb ages of columbite-tantalum and zircon are 130.2 ± 1.0?Ma (TMG) and 138.2 ± 1.0?Ma (GMG), respectively, confirming Early Cretaceous Li-rich magmatism. The Li concentrations in muscovite from the Li-rich muscovite granites are high (mean 3328?ppm), compared to those in Mufushan ordinary muscovite granites (<1500?ppm), but the dominant Li-bearing minerals are still classified as muscovite or phengite. Li enrichment of mica in this Li-rich granite system is controlled by the magmatic differentiation-dominated vector Si2LiAl-3, differing from that in cogenetic pegmatite systems, indicating distinct Li enrichment pathways between two mineralization processes and thereby endowing this system with the potential to evolve into granite-type Li deposits. Mica geochemistry and Rayleigh fractionation modeling indicate the Li-rich muscovite granites, along with biotite and two-mica granite in the Mufushan area, represent products of different stages of co-magmatic evolution. Crystal fractionation is the key mechanism controlling Li enrichment, requiring effective separation of at least 75% of the melt to drive preliminary Li enrichment in the highly differentiated granite. These findings significantly advance understanding of mineralization processes in large-scale batholiths, providing valuable insights for regional Li exploration.

摘要:Strontianite-rich carbonatite, containing over 30 vol% carbonate minerals predominantly composed of strontianite (SrCO3), is identified in the Zhengjialiangzi ore segment of the Muluozhai rare earth element (REE) deposit, western Sichuan Province, China. It exhibits a unique mineral assemblage dominated by strontianite, fluorite, bastn?site, barite, calcite and dolomite, distinguishing it from conventional calcio-, magnesio-, ferro-, or natro-carbonatites. The rock shows extreme enrichment in REEs (ΣREE = 47335–64367 ppm), with strong LREE/HREE fractionation [(La/Yb)N = 1151–2119] and notably high concentrations of high-value critical REEs (e.g., Pr, Nd, Tb, Dy), 5–10 times greater than those in local calcite-dominated carbonatites. Trace element patterns indicate significant enrichment in REEs, Sr, and Ba, along with depletion in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf). In-situ Sr isotopes of strontianite [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.706190–0.707305] indicate an enriched mantle source (EMI–EMII). Sr enrichment is attributed to initial mantle source enrichment and extensive fractional crystallization, possibly accompanied by minor wall-rock assimilation. We propose that the strontianite-rich carbonatite formed from a highly evolved, Sr- and REEs-rich carbonatitic magma that intruded into shallow structural breccias, followed by rapid cooling. Its formation is associated with a continuous melt-fluid evolutionary process that is characteristic of carbonatitic systems.

摘要:Epithermal deposits are characterized by complex low-temperature hydrothermal alterations, but the links between mineralization and superimposed alteration are obscure and require further elucidation. This study employs short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral scalars for alteration mineral mapping and three-dimensional modeling of the Ulan Uzhur Ag polymetallic deposit, a newly discovered epithermal deposit in the Qimantagh. Alteration zoning transitions from illite-muscovite-carbonate-pyrite in the core (Zone I), through muscovite ± illite-kaolinite-chlorite-carbonate (Zone Ⅱ), to muscovite-chlorite-biotite (Zone Ⅲ) at the periphery. The Zone I with mineralization features long-wavelength white mica (wAlOH > 2207 nm) with a high Illite Crystallinity (IC) (mean > 2.0), suggesting a relatively high-temperature environment conducive to mineralization. Petrographic analyses with fluid inclusion and IC curve characteristics suggests that fluid boiling may be a pivotal mechanism for mineral precipitation. Furthermore, surface mapping and deep three-dimensional modeling of spectral characteristics reveal a correlation between long-wavelength white mica, high IC and mineralization zones. These findings indicate that SWIR spectroscopy reveal the evolution of fluids and provide valuable guidance for future exploration efforts.

摘要:The Ordovician Majiagou Formation (O1m) in the Ordos Basin is a crucial exploration field for natural gas, and exploration of the Ordovician middle assemblage (O1m55–7) has recently yielded great breakthrough. The Daniudi gas field provides a good case study to determine the gas source for the strata. The O1m55–7 gas displays C1/C1–5 ratios of 0.932?0.985 and CO2 contents of 1.56%?11.75%, and the detectable H2S content ranges from 0.0002% to 1.8617%. The δ13C1, δ13C2, δ13CCO2, and δD1 values are ?39.7‰ to ?35.6‰, ?30.4‰ to ?23.7‰, ?12.4‰ to ?4.6‰, and ?204‰ to ?185‰, respectively. Identification of the gas origin and source indicates that the gaseous alkanes are commonly coal-derived gas. The gas was generated from the coal measures in the Taiyuan Formation (C3t) and subsequently migrated. A small amount of oil-associated gas, mainly from O1m carbonate source rocks, has been incorporated into the gas reservoir. The natural gas has experienced insignificant alteration by thermochemical sulfate reduction, and the relatively high levels of CO2 are probably associated with corrosion alteration of carbonate reservoirs by injected fluid during acid fracturing.

摘要:The Dongsha area, a key target for gas hydrate exploration, is influenced by multiple factors, including sedimentary processes and the paleoenvironment, which play critical roles in gas hydrate formation. To elucidate the coupling among sedimentary processes, paleoenvironment, and gas hydrate accumulation, this study investigates the Site DS-W16 using particle size analysis, biological component content, and geochemistry data. Oxygen isotope data from foraminifera and biostratigraphic evidence indicate that sedimentation at the bottom of core interval from Site DS-W16 began during MIS 11 (Marine isotope stage). The sedimentation dynamics of the studied layers are complex, involving gravity flows, traction currents, and suspended deposition. Organic matter shows a significant correlation with transgressive–regressive cycle. The site DS-W16 contains two distinct gas hydrate reservoirs: a shallow reservoir (10–24 mbsf) and a deep reservoir (below 182 mbsf). The paleomarine environment influences gas hydrate accumulation by altering sedimentary processes and sediment characteristics, especially the distribution of biological components. Both shallow and deep gas hydrate reservoirs formed under dynamic conditions dominated by traction currents and are characterized by a higher abundance of foraminifera. Sedimentary layers rich in foraminifera and modified by traction currents represent key intervals for preferential gas hydrate accumulation.

摘要:This study examines a 1.32 m thick sediment sequence from the Cunge sag pond in the Litang Basin, eastern Tibetan Plateau, to assess the seismicity of the Litang fault during the Holocene. High-resolution geochemical, grain size, magnetic susceptibility, and total organic carbon indicators are employed to obtain a continuous record of changes in elemental, physical, and biological properties within the profile to identify seismic events. The seismic event layer generally comprises two sedimentary rhythms: a lower coarse sand layer and an upper fine silt-clay layer. These layers represent rapid deposition associated with fault activity (Earthquake A) and slower deposition during calm periods or earthquake recurrence intervals (Seismic interval A). Through six 14C dating, five seismic events have been identified in the Cunge sag pond section: E1 (before 3955 a B.P.), E2 (3713–3703 a B.P.), E3 (3492–3392 a B.P.), E4 (2031–1894 a B.P.), and E5 (1384–1321 a B.P.). E1–E4 had shown a good consistency with the paleo-earthquake recorded by the trench, and whereas E5 is a newly identified seismic event, further improving the continuous earthquake sequence of the Litang fault. Based on existing trench data and the seismic event record from the Cunge sag pond, a total of 11 paleo-earthquakes are identified along the Litang fault since the Holocene. The paleo-earthquake activity of the Litang fault exhibits a clustered pattern, with recurrence intervals of both long periods (1000 a) and short periods (500 a). Since 5000 a, the interval between strong earthquake recurrences gradually decreases, indicating an increasing risk of strong earthquakes along the Litang fault. This study presents a continuous record of paleo-earthquakes along the Litang fault, eastern Tibetan Plateau, and can enhance the understanding of regional seismic activity.

摘要:The Guanxian–Anxian fault zone in the Longmen Shan, Sichuan, China, exhibits long-term creep-slip but ruptured during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, challenging the view that creeping faults rarely generate strong earthquakes. To investigate the transition from creep-slip to stick-slip, we analyzed fault rocks from the WFSD-3, using microstructural observations, XRD, μXRF, Raman spectroscopy, and quartz grain size statistics. Fault rocks show intense foliation, pressure-solution structures, and abundant clay minerals, reflecting long-term aseismic creep. At the interface between black and gray fault gouges at ~1249.98 m, microstructures indicate stick-slip behavior, including truncated grains, angular fragments, and finer grain sizes. Here, clay content drops sharply while strong minerals (quartz, feldspar, calcite, dolomite) increase. Elemental mapping shows Al and K enriched in black gouge, whereas Ca and Si in gray gouge; Raman spectroscopy indicates possible graphitization; the finest quartz grains occur in black gouge. These features mark co-seismic principal slip zone of the Wenchuan earthquake. We propose that fluid-driven transformation of strong minerals into clays facilitates creep-slip, whereas localized precipitation of strong minerals strengthens the fault, causing stress accumulation and controlling the creep-slip to stick-slip transition. This mechanism has implications for reassessing seismic hazards of creeping faults.

摘要:The Yingxiu–Beichuan fault zone (YBFZ) has long been active and experienced repeated large earthquakes. The physicochemical properties of the deep fault zone (>1000 m) are the key to understanding the deformation mechanism of large earthquakes. This study uses rock magnetic, microstructural, and geochemical analyses of representative samples exposed in FZ1681 within the Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling borehole 2 (WFSD-2) cores. Fault gouge and fault breccia have higher magnetic susceptibility values than wall rocks, and they contain abundant paramagnetic minerals and small quantities of magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite. The magnetite and monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault gouge were mainly formed by coseismic frictional heating, indicating that large earthquakes with frictional heating temperatures of ~500–900℃ once occurred in the YBFZ. The seismogenic and coseismic environment was reducing with a relatively high sulfur content. The monoclinic pyrrhotite in the fault breccia was formed mainly by low-temperature hydrothermal fluid. This indicates that the fault zone experienced reducing and low-temperature (<400℃) hydrothermal fluid with a relatively high sulfur content after the earthquake. The YBFZ, which experiences frequent large earthquakes, is weakly oxidizing environment at different depths, but the effect of the low-temperature hydrothermal fluid is weaker at depth.

摘要:The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin (WSFB) in South China, a prolific hydrocarbon province, exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics. This paper integrates seismic data and well data to elucidate the role of Middle–Lower Triassic evaporite layers in shaping basin structures, focusing on Xinchang Tectonic Zone (XTZ). Salt layers facilitated decoupled deformation between supra- and sub-salt sequences, forming salt pillows and fault-related folds. Three distinct structural trends were identified in XTZ. Key findings reveal that salt thickness variations correlate with deformation styles: thicker salt promoted detachment folding, while thinner salt led to hard-linked fault systems. Sub-salt E–NE trending reverse faults formed horsetail terminations associated with the Pengzhou faults (PzF), deviating from the primary Longmenshan thrust belt (LmsTB) orientation. Structural evolution occurred in three stages: (1) Indosinian salt deposition and foreland basin initiation; (2) Yanshanian eastward propagation of thrust systems with salt-driven detachment folding; (3) Himalayan reactivation overprinting earlier structures with sub-NS trending folds. This work establishes a direct link between salt layers and structural traps, demonstrating how salt acted as a critical detachment layer during multi-stage compression. Results provide insights into the gas exploration of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation, emphasizing the importance of salt-influenced deformation in foreland basin systems.

摘要:The Mianhuakeng uranium deposit, characterized by uranium-rich granite, serves as a key site for research into crustal radioactive heating. Based on 45 rock samples, this study reviews that the host granite in the Mianhuakeng uranium deposit has a high radioactive heat production rate (avg. 5.50 μW/m3) and a low Th/U ratio (avg. 2.62). Uranium-rich granite and its alteration zone within the upper crust (0–5 km depth) contribute about 45% of the total radioactive heat production, wich is crucial for controlling geothermal resource distribution. For uranium-thermal at tectonic plate margins, a symbiotic geological model was proposed: Firstly, subduction of the Pacific Plate caused upwelling of the asthenosphere, generating a high heatflow background. Secondly, heat transfer is enhanced by major faults such as the Youdong and Mianhuakeng faults. Subsequently, uranium was mobilized, transported, and enriched within the granite through deep siliceous hydrothermal activity and associated alteration. Ultimately, the uranium enrichment in granite leads to increased radioactive heat production, resulting in local thermal anomalies. This model provides a theoretical support for exploring and developing uraniumthermal symbiotic resources in South China.