This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41888101, 41890834, 91755213), and the Most Special Fund (MSF-GPMR02-3) from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan. This work represents a contribution to the IUGS International Lithosphere Program (2023-TF1) “Formation, Character, History and Behavior of Earth’s Oldest Lithospheres”.