走滑断层相关构造的几何学、运动学与成矿效应
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1.深地探测与矿产勘查全国重点实验室,中国地质科学院;2.中国地质调查局

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地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项


Geometry and kinematics of strike-slip fault related structural patterns and their metallogenetic effects
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1.State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences;2.China Geological Survey

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    摘要:

    大型走滑断层发育在板块或地块边界和板内构造环境下,是地球表面构造变形的显著特征之一,可分为聚敛型走滑断层和离散型走滑断层。本文在前人有关走滑断层相关构造(简称“走滑相关构造”)样式和应力应变机制研究的基础上,探索提出走滑相关构造分类的新方案。该方案将走滑断层相关褶皱(简称“走滑相关褶皱”)划分为走滑断展褶皱、走滑断弯褶皱、走滑断滑褶皱三种端元组分和走滑干涉褶皱的组合样式,建立了几何学与运动学模型。新提出与走滑断层相关的库鲁木迪山式和麦垛山式两类莲花状叠加褶皱及其形成机制,阐述了走滑生长背斜的发育过程。研究认为,走滑相关构造可以作为走滑断层运动学特征的重要标志。以中亚地区西准噶尔造山带为例,阐明了走滑断层作用通过构造物理化学过程调节成矿元素的迁移聚散及其成矿效应。

    Abstract:

    Large-scale strike-slip faults developed at plate or terrane boundaries and intra-plate tectonic settings, serving as a prominent feature of tectonic deformation on the Earth""s surface. They can be categorized into convergent and divergent strike-slip faults. Based on previous studies on strike-slip fault-related structures, this study proposes a new classification system for them. The proposed framework divides strike-slip fault-related folds into three end-members, i.e., strike-slip fault-bend folds, strike-slip fault-propagation folds, and strike-slip detachment folds, along with composite styles of strike-slip interference folds, and establishes their geometric and kinematic models. The study introduces two new types of lotus-shaped superimposed folds related to strike-slip faulting, namely the Kulumudishan-type and Maidoushan-type superimposed folds, along with their formation mechanisms, and elucidates the developing process of strike-slip growth anticlines. It is concluded that strike-slip fault-related structures can serve as significant kinematic indicators for strike-slip faults. Using the West Junggar Orogenic Belt in Central Asia as an example, the study elucidates how the strike-slip fault activity controlled on the migration, concentration, and metallogenic effects of ore-forming elements through tectono-physicochemical processes.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-14
  • 最后修改日期:2025-11-18
  • 录用日期:2025-11-28
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