The formation of the Micang Mountain Uplift is closely related to plate collision and the uplift of the Qinling Orogenic Belt. Previous research has predominantly focused on its uplift-erosion processes since the Middle-Late Mesozoic, though there remains controversy regarding its specific uplift process. This study selected Precambrian samples from the southern margin of the Micang Mountain Uplift to conduct low-temperature thermochronology experiments, combined with detrital zircon U-Pb age data from Mesozoic strata in the region, to systematically reconstruct the multi-stage uplift-erosion history since the Early Mesozoic. The research results show that the median age range of zircon fission tracks is 277±27Ma to399±39Ma, while the zircon (U-Th)/He age range is 136.4±6.8Ma to 290.0±14.5Ma. Through thermal history simulation, the tectonic evolution of the Micang Mountain Uplift since the Mesozoic can be divided into four stages: 1) from the Late Triassic to the Middle Jurassic, affected by the closure of the Mianlue Ocean and the subduction of the Yangtze Block under the Qinling Block, the Micang Mountain region began an initial slow uplift; 2) from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, the continuous collision between the Qinling Block and the Yangtze Block triggered intense intracontinental orogeny, leading to rapid uplift of the Micang Mountain region; 3) from the Late Cretaceous to the Neogene Miocene, the region entered a brief tectonic quiescence period due to adjustments in regional plate movements; 4) since the Miocene, affected by the eastward propagation of the Tibetan Plateau’s uplift, the region has experienced another phase of rapid uplift and denudation. Detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra indicate a significant increase in Neoproterozoic zircons in the strata from the Upper Triassic to the Lower Jurassic, indicating that uplift had already initiated in the Late Triassic, which aligns well with the initial uplift timing indicated by low-temperature thermochronology data. This study reconstructs the tectono-thermal evolutionary history of the southern margin of the Micang Mountain Uplift since the Mesozoic, clarifies the temporal and spatial coupling relationship between the multi-stage uplift-erosion processes and multi-episodic plate tectonic movements, and provides new evidence for understanding plate collision dynamics and Qinling Orogen evolution