To restore the complete process of rare earth element enrichment during the formation of Ion-adsorption rare earth type deposits. In this study, the ore-forming parent rock and weathered crust samples in the Xiayao ion-adsorption rare earth type deposit were studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction experiment (XRD), electron probe, zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope test. The Keshubei granite is identifiedas high-K calc-alkaline and slightly peraluminous. Zircon grains from the Keshubei granite exhibit U-Pb ages of 196.26±1.53 Ma, 194.72±1.1 Ma, and 197.18±1.77 Ma. The value of zircon εHf(t) inKeshubei graniterangefrom-3.35to1.79. Rare earth minerals include apatite, zircon, bastnaesite and Xenotime. The rare earth elements in the weathered crust are enriched in the middle and upper parts. It is indicated that the Keshubei granite is the product of Indosinian magmatic activity, which is produced in the ancient felsic crustal remelting environment induced by the extensional tectonic environment. The enrichment process of rare earth elements is mainly related to magmatic evolution, supplemented by hydrothermal action. The secondary enrichment of adsorbed elements in the weathered crust is restricted by clay minerals, pH value and weathering degree.