The Erlian Basin is a group of fault basins formed under the Mesozoic extension system in central Inner Mongolia. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of tectono-thermal history of the basins and identify the evolution law of tectono-geomorphologic exhumation in Inner Mongolia and its adjacent areas for understanding the dynamic mechanism of multi-tectonic domain superimposed transformation in NE China during the Mesozoic. Here, the apatite fission track (AFT) method is used to study the tectono-thermal evolution of the Bayindulan Sag and the Bayinbaolige Uplift in the northern margin of Erlian Basin. AFT dating results showed that the AFT ages in the Sag are 65.6±8.8~245.2±17.3 Ma, and the mean track lengths are 12.17±0.3~13.32±0.2μm. The ages of AFT in the Uplift region are 182±11~238.8±8.7 Ma, and the mean track length was 12.86±0.30~13.46±0.16 μm. The results of thermal history modeling show that the northern margin of Erlian Basin mainly experienced three stages of cooling, namely, late Paleozoic to Middle Jurassic (270-160 Ma), Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (160-100 Ma) and Late Cretaceous (100-70 Ma). Combined with the regional data, the tectono-thermal process in central Inner Mongolia presents three stages of evolution, and the late Paleozoic-Triassic uplift is related to the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean；During the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, the central region of Inner Mongolia was affected by the extension collapse after the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. In the Late Cretaceous, the collision of East Asian continental margin blocks caused regional tectonic inversion in Erlian Basin. After the Late Cretaceous, the central part of Inner Mongolia did not experience significant cooling exhumation and the planation surface of Inner Mongolia Plateau was basically formed.