渤海湾盆地渤南低凸起西段中-新生代构造演化及地貌恢复
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1.中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,深海圈层与地球系统教育部前沿科学中心,海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室;2.崂山实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室;3.中海石油天津分公司渤海石油研究院

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国家自然科学基金项目“海底古地貌动态重建”(42121005),国家自然科学基金项目“洋底高原俯冲和增生机制及其效应的数值模拟研究”(42176064),国家实验室项目“微板块与古地貌重建”(2022QNLM050302-2),“渤中凹陷中低位潜山构造演化、断裂体系分布及其控圈作用研究”(20210358),“基于不同边界条件和地质模型的应力数值模拟研究”(横20230088),中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(202261019)


Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution and geomorphologic restoration of the west section of Bonan low uplift, Bohai Bay Basin
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1.College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques,MOE;2.Functional Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Evaluation and Exploration Technology, Laoshan Laboratory;3.Bohai Petroleum Institute,Tianjin Branch,CNOOC

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    摘要:

    渤海湾盆地渤南低凸起西段于近年来的勘探工作中被发现具备良好的中-深层潜山型油气圈闭特性,并探明了以渤中26-6为首的亿吨级大型潜山油气藏。探讨潜山的形成演化、沉积体系的发育情况及油气生储与运移机制等问题往往需要精细的构造解析与构造地貌恢复工作的支撑。因此,为揭示渤南低凸起西段完整的构造变形及地貌演化过程,同时为油气勘探工作提供理论支持,本文基于研究区反射地震与钻井数据解析,详细刻画了研究区中-新生代地层分布及构造变形特征,划分了主要构造期次,并利用Move软件开展了研究区二维、三维构造恢复工作,精细直观地还原了研究区主要构造活动时期的地貌形态。结果表明:①早中生代(印支-燕山早期)近S-N向转NW向的强挤压造山环境下,研究区发育大量近E-W向、NE向逆冲推覆断裂与数条近S-N向走滑断裂,区域发生强烈隆升,整体缺失了侏罗系沉积,古生界广泛剥蚀殆尽,太古界基底遭暴露夷平,呈现大面积平顶山地貌。②晚中生代(燕山中-晚期)近NW-SE向强伸展拉张环境下,凸起南侧黄河口凹陷内逆断层发生强烈的负反转活动,使得凹陷得以接受大量白垩纪火山碎屑质与泥砂质沉积,现渤南低凸起西段及北侧渤中凹陷的部分地区仍保持隆升地貌并作为物源区向周遭输送沉积物。③早新生代(喜山早-中期)近NW-SE向强伸展断陷环境下,研究区发生近S-N向的双向拆离活动,南侧黄河口凹陷持续向南断陷形成箕状、半地堑状构造,北侧渤中凹陷地层发生向北的断陷拆离,现渤南低凸起西段则受张扭-拆离活动影响呈现“西高东低、西窄东宽”的地貌特征,最终形成现今“两凹夹一凸”的构造格局,为厚层的新生代沙河街组烃源岩以及东营组盖层的沉积提供了空间。

    Abstract:

    The west section of Bonan low uplift in the Bohai Bay Basin has been found to have great characteristics of medium-deep buried-hill type oil and gas trap in recent exploration work, and internally discovered the Bozhong 26-6 large-scale oil and gas reservoir. Discussions on the formation and evolution of buried-hills, the development sedimentary systems, and the mechanisms of oil and gas generation, storage and migration often require tectonic analysis and tectonic geomorphological restoration work. Therefore, to reveal the complete tectonic deformation and geomorphic evolution of the west section of Bonan low uplift, and to provide theoretical support for oil and gas exploration, this paper, based on the reflection seismic and drilling data in the study area, detailed the strata distribution and tectonic deformation characteristics during Mesozoic-Cenozoic, and used Move software to conduct two and three dimensional tectonic restoration, accurately restoring the geomorphological features during the major periods of tectonic activity. Results reveal that: (1) During the early Mesozoic (from the Indosinian to the early Yanshanian), under the strong compressional orogeny transitioning from a near S-N to NE direction, the study area developed a numerous near E-W and NE directed thrusts, as well as several near S-N strike slip faults. The region experienced intensive uplift, with the overall lack of the Jurassic sedimentation and extensive erosion of the Paleozoic strata. The Precambrian basement was exposed and flattened, presenting a large-scale flattened mountain landform. (2) During the late Mesozoic (from middle to late Yanshanian), under a strong NW-SE directed extensional environment, the reverse faults in the Huanghekou Depression on the south side of the uplift experienced intense negative inversion activity. This allowed the depression to receive a large amount of Cretaceous volcaniclastic and muddy-sandy sediments. The west section of Bonan low uplift and part of the Bozhong Depression on the north side still exhibit uplifted landforms and serve as sediment source areas. (3) During the early Cenozoic (from early to middle Himalayan), under the strong NW-SE directed extensional and rift environment, the study area experienced near S-N directed bidirectional detachment activity. The Huanghekou Depression continued to experience southward faulting, forming a basket-shaped and half-graben shaped structure. The strata in the Bozhong Depression underwent northward faulting and detachment. The west section of Bonan low uplift was affected by transtensional detachment, presenting a geomorphic feature of “high and narrow in the west, low and wide in the east”, ultimately forming the current tectonic pattern of “two depressions with one uplift”, providing space for the deposition of Cenozoic Shahejie Formation source rocks and Dongying Formation cap rocks.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-08
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-31
  • 录用日期:2024-11-18
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