Due to the salt tectonic diapirism, a large number of evaporite geological bodies are exposed on the surface of the Kuqa Basin, providing excellent materials for the study of evaporite strata. However, there has been a lack of detailed research on them before. This paper selects the typical Dawanqi salt dome and gypsum dome as the research objects, and reveals the salt-forming evolution law through various research methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thin section identification, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, geochemical analysis, and fluid inclusion homogenization temperature analysis. It is concluded that the gypsum rocks in the Late Eocene evaporites of the Kuqa Basin can be subdivided into 7 types, and the salt rocks widely develop regular mudstone-pebble structures. It is determined that the sedimentary environment of the Late Eocene evaporites in the Kuqa Basin belongs to the inland sabkha, and the temperature range of the brine during the salt-forming period is between 11.2 - 32.5 °C, with an average of 22.3 °C. In the early stage of the saline lake period, it experienced two episodes of concentrated brine seepage or disturbance, and after stabilization, it received two freshwater replenishments; the salt lake period experienced a total of five freshwater replenishments. In addition, it is found that the rhythmic alternation of gypsum and anhydrite deposits, as well as the rhythmic variations in the quantity and size of mudstone pebbles in salt rocks, can be used as indicators to judge the concentration and desalination of brine in the salt lake. This study provides a typical case for the sedimentary evolution of evaporites exposed in the Kuqa Basin and even in domestic salt basins.