西秦岭大桥超大型金矿三维地质模型及其成矿要素
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甘肃省地质调查院 兰州 730000

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中国地质调查局地质调查项目“甘肃崖湾−大桥地区金锑矿整装勘查区(巴藏幅) 矿产调查与找矿预测” (121201004000150017–35)和甘肃省自然资源厅科技创新项目(202231)联合资助成果


The 3D Geological model of Daqiao super-large gold deposit in West Qinling and its ore-forming factors
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1.Geological Survey of Gansu Province,Lanzhou;2.730000

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    摘要:

    西秦岭大桥超大型金矿的矿体规模巨大,本文以矿床三维模型客观地揭示金矿体的空间结构及其与矿床地质构造的空间关系,提取矿床的成矿要素。以金矿体、特殊岩性层、构造和结构面等地质要素,实现了矿床地质构造的三维建模,并对矿床的三维模型进行了剖析。结果认为:花岗闪长岩脉与金的成矿作用在时间上表现为高匹配,在空间上表现为低匹配;大理岩及部分炭质岩是热液成矿主期深源高温流体作用的产物;走滑断层在平面上斜切轴迹向北偏转的顺层断层褶皱,两者一起构成逆冲走滑构造系统;主要控矿构造是背斜转折端、缓倾斜顺层断层和走滑断层;热液成矿早期成矿作用受背斜转折端与缓倾斜顺层断层控制,热液成矿主期成矿作用受走滑断层约束;重要找矿标志为包裹金矿体的硅化岩和围绕硅化岩分布的花岗闪长岩脉、石英脉、方解石脉、方解石化角砾岩、大理岩和炭质岩。综合分析认为,该超大型矿床的关键成矿要素可以按照热液成矿主期的成矿条件和成矿作用表述为:热液成矿早期岩浆热液在逆冲推覆构造系统中的成矿作用产物、走滑构造系统、深源成矿流体及以硅化为核心的大规模围岩蚀变。

    Abstract:

    The orebodies of Daqiao gold deposit in West Qinling are characterized by their large-sized scale. In this paper, the 3D model of the ore deposit is used to objectively draw out the spatial structure of gold orebodies and their relation with geological structure of the deposit, and to extract ore-forming factors. The 3D modeling of geological structure of the ore deposit was carried out by using of the geological factors such as gold orebody, special lithology layer, structure and discontinuities, and the 3D models were analyzed. The results are as follows: The matching coefficient between granodiorite dyke and gold mineralization is higher in time than that in space. The marble and part of carbonaceous rocks were related to deep heat flows in the main hydrothermal ore period. The strike-slip faults cut in bevel the fold of bedding fault, of which the axial trace had deflected northward, and they made up a thrust-strike slip tectonic system togather. The main ore-controlling structures are bending of anticline, gently dipping bedding fault, and strike-slip fault. The early hydrothermal ore period of mineralization was controlled by bending of anticline and gently dipping bedding fault, and the main hydrothermal ore period of mineralization constrained by strike-slip fault. The key ore-prospecting indicators are characterized by the silicified rocks covering gold orebodies, and around which there distribute granodiorite dykes, quartz dykes, calcite dykes, calcitized breccia, marble, and carbonaceous rocks. By comprehensive analysis, the key ore factors of the super-large gold deposit, based on ore-forming conditions and ore-forming process in the hydrothermal ore period, can be stated as follows: Products of magmatic hydrothermal mineralization in thrust tectonic system in the early hydrothermal ore period, strike-slip tectonic system, deep magmatic fluid, and large scale of wallrock alternations around the silicified rocks.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-12
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-26
  • 录用日期:2024-10-29
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