构造序次及其在找矿预测中的应用——以华南热液型铀矿床为例
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本文为国家重点研发项目(编号2016YFC0600207,2017YFC0602602)和中国地质科学院院长基金项目(编号JYYWF20180602)联合资助的成果


Structural generation and its application in ore- prospecting: Take hydrothermal uranium deposits in South China as an example
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    摘要:

    构造序次是地质力学和构造地质学的重要概念。构造序次是指在同一场地壳运动中,岩块或地块在遭受同一时期、同一动力作用方式持续作用下,所形成的不同性质和排列方位的各项结构面先后出现的次序,或者是由于边界条件的局部改变,各项构造形迹挨次控制关系。构造序次强调了构造形迹之间的成生联系,是厘定构造型式、建立构造体系的基础。构造序次关系是非常多见的,它不同于构造级别,不同序次构造之间具有时差性、派生性、绝对性、可隐性等特点,低序次构造往往展布在高一序次构造所影响的范围内,受局部构造应力场控制。控矿构造研究要从低序次到高序次,从含矿构造入手,开展力学性质和组合规律分析,厘定控矿构造型式,总结构造控矿规律;找矿预测要从高序次到低序次,根据构造控矿型式和序次的挨次控制规律,分析低序次含矿构造可能出现的位置和方向,开展找矿预测。通过控矿构造的序次分析,认为江西相山邹家山铀矿床不是受NE向的邹家山石洞断裂控制,而是受NEE向、中低倾角倾向NNW的隐性构造带控制,找矿方向是沿现有矿带SWW方向、中等倾角的深部。长江铀矿田不是受棉花坑断裂和油洞断裂控制,而是受NNW(近SN)向陡倾角构造带控制,浅部次级断裂含(储)矿、其下延归并的主构造带起导矿、运(配)矿作用,找矿方向是沿NNW(近SN)向含矿构造的延伸、延深部位以及地表矿带内空白区的深部。在进行构造序次分析时要特别注意构造形迹的成生联系,也要注重构造期次,更要区分成矿前、成矿期和成矿后构造,对具体的矿田、矿床或矿化带,对导矿、运矿(配矿)、储矿(含矿)构造间的关系(也即控矿构造与含矿构造的关系)要进行客观分析,厘定控矿构造型式,构建构造控矿模型,指导找矿预测实践。

    Abstract:

    Tectonic generation is an important concept in geomechanics and tectonic geology. It refers to the sequence in which structural planes with different mechanical properties and orientations are formed during the same crustal movement. This occurs under the continuous action of the same period and dynamic action mode, or due to local changes in boundary conditions, which control the formation of structural features. Structural generation emphasizes the genetic relationship between structural features and serves as the basis for determining structural types and establishing structural systems.The structural generation relationship is common and distinct from the structural level. Different generation structures possess characteristics of time difference, derivation, absoluteness, and invisibility. Low- order structures are often distributed within the influence range of higher- order structures and are controlled by local stress fields. The study of ore- controlling structures should proceed from low order to high order. Starting with the investigation of ore- bearing structures,their mechanical properties and combination laws should be analyzed. This allows for the determination of ore- controlling structure types and the summarization of ore- controlling laws. Ore- prospecting predictions should follow a high- order to low- order approach. Based on the ore- controlling structure type and the control law of structure generation, the possible position and direction of low- order ore- bearing structures are analyzed, enabling ore- prospecting prediction. Through the structure generation analysis of ore- controlling structures, the Zoujiashan uranium deposit is considered to be controlled not by the NE- trending Zoujiashan- Shidong fault but by the NEE- trending hidden structural belt with a medium- low dip angle, dipping to NNW. The prospecting direction is along the SWW direction of the existing ore belt, and the deep part has a medium dip.In the Changjiang uranium ore field, uranium mineralization is not controlled by the Mianhuakeng fault and Youdongfault but by the NNW- trending structural belt with a steep dip angle. The shallow secondary fault is an ore- bearing (or ore- storing) structure, and the main structural belt,which merged from them and extended to the deep, plays the role of guiding mineralization and transporting ore- forming hydrothermal solutions (deposit distribution). The ore- prospecting direction is the extension and deepening part along the NNW- trending ore- bearing structure and the deep part of the surface mineral- free zone.When analyzing structural generation, it is essential to pay special attention to the genetic relationship of structural features along with structural periods. It is crucial to distinguish between structures formed before, during, and after mineralization. Within a specific ore field deposit or mineralization zone, the relationship between ore- guiding structures, ore- transporting (ore- matching) structures, and ore- storing (ore- bearing) structures (i.e., the relationship between ore- controlling structures and ore- bearing structures) should be objectively analyzed.This analysis allows for the determination of an ore- controlling structural type, the construction of a structural ore- controlling model, and ultimatelyguides the practice of ore- prospecting and prediction.

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引用本文

陈柏林.2024.构造序次及其在找矿预测中的应用——以华南热液型铀矿床为例[J].地质学报,98(7):2173-2192.
CHEN Bailin.2024. Structural generation and its application in ore- prospecting: Take hydrothermal uranium deposits in South China as an example[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,98(7):2173-2192.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-15
  • 最后修改日期:2023-11-15
  • 录用日期:2023-12-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-07-26
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