Against the background of realizing the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, effective carbon storage technology has become the focus of research in recent years. Among many carbon storage technologies, enhanced weathering carbon sequestration technology based on basalt powder has advantage of low cost, but also plays a positive role in promoting crop growth and improving grain yield. The catchment study reveals that basalt has a very high rate of weathering, but there are great differences in time scale and reaction conditions in the basalt powder enhanced weathering carbon sink technology. The rapid chemical weathering of the Emei volcanic basalts, which are widely distributed in southwest China, is considered to be the driving mechanism of the glacial activity at the end of the Permian, and may be used as the basic material for enhancing weathering carbon storage technology. In order to further understand the weathering carbon sequestration effect of Emeishan basalts and improve the understanding of enhanced basalt weathering carbon sequestration technology, the water- rock reaction experiments were carried out by using basalt powder with different particle sizes, natural rainwater and river water. The results show that the pH value of experiment between rainwater and basalt powder is close to that of river water, and the concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+and Mg2+ are significantly increased. The activity and dissolution rate of rainwater and basalt powder are affected and controlled by rock structure, mineral composition, occurrence state of elements and saturation state of solution. In the reaction experiment between basalt powder and rainwater, Si element dissolution rate is the fastest, which is 4. 36×10-12 mol/m2/s. The maximum leaching rates of Ca2+ and Mg2+are 1. 36×10-12 mol/m 2/s and 0. 91×10-12 mol/m 2/s, respectively. At the same time, the concentration of HCO3- in the reaction solution increased rapidly and reached the maximum concentration at about 720 h. The dissolved CO2 in the surface solution quickly changed into HCO3-, and then HCO3- concentration tends to decrease. PHREEQC simulation indicated that the saturation state of Ca- Mg carbonate minerals was reached. The preliminary experimental study shows that the weathering of Emeishan basalts has an important carbon sink effect, which can be applied to enhance the weathering carbon sink technology for surface carbon storage.