The ore genesis of stratabound (stratiform) tungsten deposits hosted in metamorphic rocks has remained controversial during the past several decades. Elemental and isotopic geochemistry of scheelite is an effective tool to solve this above dispute. The Xi’an tungsten deposit in Western Hunan, located at the Xuefeng arc structural zone, is a typical deposit, its ore origin is still disputed. Using different analytical methods including EMPA, ICP- MS and ID- MS, the geochemical compositions of the scheelite samples collected from the Xi’an tungsten deposit have been determined in order to reveal their elemental and isotopic signatures. It is revealed that the contents of CaO in scheelite are less than the corresponding theoretical value, which can be ascribed to the substitution of REE, Sr, Pb, Ba and other trace elements into Ca site in the scheelite lattice; The studied scheelite is relatively rich in Sr and depleted in Mo, Bi, Sn, Nb and Ta, which is similar to those scheelite in the gold/tungsten deposits in Western Australia, Daping and Woxi in China. The Mo concentrations and Sr/Mo ratios for scheelite samples in this study reveal that, scheelite in the Xi’an deposit is of metamorphic—hydrothermal origin rather than of magmatic—hydrothermal origin. All scheelite samples are characterized by the LREE- depleted, MREE- and HREE- enriched pattern, the REE substitution into Ca2+ site of the scheelites was implemented by the charge compensation mechanism (REE3++Na+=2Ca2+); The n(87Sr)/ n(86Sr) values of the studied scheelite samples vary in the range of 0. 75412~0. 78231, significantly higher than the Sr isotopic composition of Phanerozoic seawater or of granitic rocks in central Hunan, which implies that the mineralizing fluid isn’t derived from magmatic water or paleo- seawater, and that the deposit shouldn’t be classified into the “magmatic hydrothermal origin” or “seafloor hot spring (brine) sedimentary origin or seafloor syngenetic sedex origin” as previously expected. Combined with the LREE—MREE—HREE diagram, it can be concluded that the Xi’an tungsten deposit is a typical orogenic deposit. It is revealed that the studied scheelite and the Neoproterozoic strata outcropped in western Hunan are obviously distributed in different areas in the diagram of Sr—Nd isotopic composition, but a few of scheelite samples overlap with the Archean Kongling Group in South China, therefore, the tungsten mineralization in this area is probably associated with the underlying Archean strata rather than the hosted Neoproterozoic strata.