There are massive Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the northern Hainan Island, and it is thought that the Cenozoic volcanic rock is one of the important windows to recognize the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Southeast Asian continent. By using the new aeromagnetic data, applying the reduction to the pole, vertical first order derivation frequency domain conversion processing, and combining with the volcanic rocks other data, we analyze the regional aeromagnetic anomaly features of the Cenozoic volcanic rocks and the local aeromagnetic anomaly features of the typical area from the northern Hainan Island. Our results indicated that there are some obvious differences of the regional aeromagnetic anomaly between the east and west of the northern Hainan Island. In other word, the regional magnetic feature of the eastern region of the northern Hainan Island is gentle negative field, and the regional magnetic feature of the west and middle region is strong positive field. It is speculated that it is responsible to both the strength of magnetic and the inhomogeneity of the space distribution of the Cenozoic volcanic rocks which overlap with the gentle negative regional background field of the northern Hainan Island. Two types of the aeromagnetic anomalies of the typical Cenozoic volcanic structures are identified in the northern Hainan Island. The first kind of the aeromagnetic anomalies is characterized by the irregular elliptical negative anomaly of the inner ring, which was surrounded by the beaded rising positive anomaly, what the type of the aeromagnetic anomaly above mentioned are possibly caused by the collapse and shield like volcanic cones swarm. The second kind of the aeromagnetic anomalies is characterized by the multiple irregular beaded positive anomalies of the outer rings and the overall negative anomalies of the inside of the rings, which are overprinted by the two positive anomalies. It is suggested that the reason of the second kind of the aeromagnetic anomaly of the volcanic structures is possibly caused by the collapse and shield like volcanic cones swarm and the overprinting of the later strong magnetic basaltic magmatism.