The samples in Permian strata in Pengzhuang and Zibo are studied, 42 genera and 146 species sporopollen fossils have been found by analysis and identification. According to the content change and vertical variation of sporopollen fossils in the strata, the sporopollen can be distinguished into 3 assemblages as follows（in descending order）：Ⅰ. Apiculatisporites—Gulisporites—Macrotorispora (Heishan Member), Ⅱ. Patellisporites—Sinulatisporites—Florinites (Wanshan Member, Kuishan Member), Ⅲ. Anapiculatisporites—Cordaitina (Xiaofuhe Member). The analysis showed that the palynological assemblage of the Shihezi still belongs to Cathaysia flora. Differently, gymnosperms are increasingly prosperous and varied, which indicates the upper stratum tends to be drought. Simultaneously, based on the Shanxi Formation of Permian, shape and overall appearance changes, ancient climatic conditions during the Permian and its evolution is that: the Shanxi Formation, Heishan Member(the Shihezi Formation)during the deposition of the warm humid climate; the Wanshan, Kuishan and Xiaofuhe Member(the Shihezi Formation) during the deposition of arid climate.