The Tarim Block is one of the main three continental blocks (plates) in China. It has typical double layers structure consisting of the Precambrian basement and Neoproterozoic to Cambrian cover. In this contribution, the authors integrated the recently published Precambrian studies of the Tarim block and have a detailed analyzing on these data. Based on the study herein, we constructed its Precambrian evolution stages, courses and its tectono magmatic—metamorphic concurrence to the global scale suppercontinent evolution. Importantly, we discussed the sedimentary and metamorphic ages of the blueschist bearing Aksu Group according to recently obtained geochronological data and the regional geology, in combination with the previous studies on the Neoproterozoic igneous rocks, we argued that the Tarim Block could assemblage to the northern side of the Australia during late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic (1000~900 Ma). Nevertheless, the subduction along the northern side of the Tarim Block could last till to 760 Ma and during 820~760 Ma, interaction between plate subduction and the Rodinian plume resulted the intriguing magmatic—metamorphic events. This new model may shed a light on the international controversy on the Neoproterozoic evolution of the South China.