According to the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Fuzhou Basin, the following four groundwater solute systems may be distinguished:1. shallow-circulatory solute systems in the ENE fault series?2. pluvial fan solute systems;3. fossil stream channel solute systems;4. deep-circulatory solute systems in the NNW fault zone.In this paper, the hydrogeochemical characteristics and formation process of the each solute system are discussed first, and then the paper gives an explanation of the water quality evolution in different groundwater solute systems with different hydrogeochemical backgrounds under exploitation condition.In addition, the paper discusses the relationship between the groundwater solute systems and groundwater flow systems.